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Estimation of Variance Components and Prediction of Breeding Value for Growth Traits of Exotic Goat.

M. R. Hassan
Goat and Sheep Production Research Division,Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute, Savar, Dhaka 1341.

M. A. I. Talukder
Goat and Sheep Production Research Division,Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute, Savar, Dhaka 1341.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Abstract: The present study was undertaken to estimate the variance components and heritability prediction of Breeding value (PBV) for some economically important growth traits of exotic goat. Traits considered in this study were birth weight, weaning weight, 6 months weight and weight at 9 month’s. Data were collected from the BLRI goat farm over a period of 4 years (from July’06- June’10) on 2015 half-sib kids progenies from 15 bucks and 112 does. The mean birth weight, weaning weight, 6 and 9 months weight and weight in exotic goat were recorded as 1.41, 7.39, 11.06 and 14.09 kgs respectively. Heritability values for the selected traits were estimated by multi-trait animal model using principles of Restricted Maximum Likelihood (REML) using computer program VCE 4.2.5. Heritability values were calculated as 0.33, 0.39, 0.45 and 0.32 for the birth weight, weaning weight, 6 and 9 months respectively in exotic goat. Heritability estimates for different growth traits in exotic goat were found to be as higher but the highest for the 6 months body weight (0.45). Among the live weight categories of exotic goat the maximum average PBV was found for the 6-9 month body weight (7.418). The genetic trends among the generations of exotic goat in birth and 6 month weight there were an increased breeding value in foundation, which gradually in increase generations 1 and 2. Therefore, further selection and breeding of exotic goat would be based on 6 months is body weight. The results revealed that the 6 months is body weight can be considered as a indicator of growth and sire selection could be effective for altering growth of weight of kids. So, improvement for these considered individual selection or performance testing could achieve the traits.

Keywords: Heritability, Birth weight, Weaning weight, 6 and 9 months weight, Exotic goat.

Location: Goat and Sheep Production Research Division,Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute, Savar, Dhaka 1341.

Start Date: 01-07- 2009

End Date: 30-06-2010

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Goat

Objectives:

The genetic trend, which is the change in production per unit animal per unit of time due to change in main breeding value of the animal would be indicator to determine success or failure of any kind of breeding program. Three factors: heritability, selection different and generation interval control the genetics progress of a trail. Therefore , present study was undertaken to evaluate some economically important genetic parameters like heritability and breeding values of growth trails of exotic goat.

Methodology:

Study area and description of animals: The study was conducted at the Goat Farm of Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute (BLRI). The Station is located at 23°/N, 90°17/E at an altitude of one meter above the sea level. Agro-ecologically belongs to the Madhupur Tract (Agro-ecological Zone 28) of Bangladesh. Mean annual temperature is 25.3? but can be <15? for 50-70 days (Dec.- Feb), <20? for 80-90 days (24th Nov.- 18th Feb.). Total annual rainfall is about 2000 mm during 5 months (July- Oct.) with mean rain of 200 mm. The exotic is the best dairy goat in India. They are the tallest breed and commonly known as the Pari (angel) in its area of origin –Uttar Pradesh because of its majestic appearance. The number of exotic breed in Bangladesh is not known, but most are found in Chuadanga, Meherpur, Kushtia, Jhenidah, Pabna and Jessore districts. Bucks of exotic breeds are being imported by the private sector from India and used for cross-breeding, especially in western Bangladesh. The exotic goat is well adapted to the unique ravines of this area its dense bush. Shortly, exotic goats (exotic, exotic x Black Bengal, Beetal, Beetal x Black Bengal, Sirohi, Sirohi x Black Bengal) are generally reared under semi-intensive feeding where they are allowed to grave during the day for 5 to 6 hours, excepting during the rain and inclement weather and supplemented with concentrate (300g/animal/d) or seasonally available green and dry fodders. Generally controlled mating is practiced. Normally one breeding buck is allowed to mate with 20 to 25 does. Does are kept in kidding pen under close observation and proper care for three to four days prior to the expected date of parturition. At kidding both kids and does are weighted, and the kidding date, sex and parity of each kid were recorded. Kids were weighted at 15 days interval from birth to weaning at 3 months of age and thereafter at monthly intervals up to 9 months of age. Normally kids were weaned at 3 months of age. Goats were vaccinated against common diseases like peste des petits ruminants (PPR), Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD), Enterotoxaemia and Hemorrhagic Septicemia. Data: Data available for analysis were collected from the flock of exotic goat maintained at goat of BLRI, Savar, Dhaka for a period of 4 years from (from July’06- June’10) on 515 half-sib kids progenies from 35 bucks and 212 does were used in this study. The traits considered in the present study were weight at birth, weaning weight, 6 months weight and weight at 9 months of age in exotic goat. Statistical analysis: Covariance components were estimated using by multi-trait animal model using principles of Restricted Maximum Likelihood (REML) using computer program VCE 4 version 4.2.5.. Breeding value (BV) was estimated by the Best Linear Unbiased Prediction (BLUP) methods by the PEST (Prediction estimation) computer program of. However, for all traits analysis were carried out both within genetic group as well as over the genetic groups i.e. pooled data. For REML analysis, a multi-trait animal model was keeping sex of kid and generation as fixed effects. The following mixed model equation was used: Y=Xb+Za+Wc+e; where Y is the vector of observation; X, Z and W were the known incidence matrices that is associated with levels of b, a and c with Y; b is the unknown vector of year of birth; a is the unknown vector of animal breeding value; c is the unknown vector of season of birth and e is the vector of residual effects.

Source of Information: BLRI. Proceedings of the Annual Research Review Workshop 2009-2010, Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute, Savar, Dhaka 1341.

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The differences in the present study and those of other investigators might be due to the differences in breed and environmental conditions under which different breeds were maintained. These differences in the results obtained might also be due the methods employed for the estimation heritability. Birth weight of kid 3, 6 and 9 month body weight were highly heritable but the highest for the 6 month body weight (0.45). Therefore, further selection and breeding of exotic goat would be based on 6 months is body weight. The results revealed that the 6 months is body weight can be considered as a indicator of growth and sire selection could be effective for altering growth of weight of kids. The result of the present findings may be more authentic when considering larger flock size. Improving the productivity of Jamunqapari goat through conventional selection and breeding requires long term breeding program with larger flock size, which should be at least 10 years. Therefore, the ongoing research programme should continue with larger flock size. The higher value of heritablility for a trait implies genetic variations are higher in the expression of those traits rather than the environmental factors. So, improvement for those selected traits could be achieved by individual selection or performance testing.

Knowledge Management: Report/Proceedings