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Evaluation of Planter to Establish Direct Seeded Rice Under Minimum Tillage Practices in Aus Season in High BARInd Tract

AKM Saiful Islam
Senior Scientific Officer
Farm Machinery and Postharvest Technology Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Gazipur-1701.

Dr. Md. Mosharraf Hossain
Professor
Department of Farm Power and Machinery, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

This experiment was conducted in the farmer’s field to evaluate the performance of modified planter machine through establishing direct seeded rice during aus season (2010) with four tillage treatments such as: (i) conventional tillage (CT) (ii) strip tillage (ST), (iii) bed formation (BP) and (iv) zero tillage (ZT). In later three treatments, seeding and fertilizer application was done simultaneously in a single pass operation by planter. Flute type seed metering device was tested to study the seed dispensing rate, placement of seed and fertilizers. Minimum tillage saved fuel consumption by almost 25-50%, and could represent a 22-43% cost saving in land preparation compared to CT. Seedling emergence was not affected by tillage options which dictated that seeds were placed at proper depth. Seed meter worked well to dispense rice seed by maintaining actual seed rate. Seeds were not broken due to use of flute type seed metering device. Yield was not statistically significant under minimum tillage and CT. Strip tillage performed better than the other two minimum tillage methods compared to conventional method. Planter reduced seeding time, saved fuel and labour costs compared to conventional method and helped in timely sowing.

Keywords: Rice, Minimum tillage, Strip tillage, Bed planting, Zero tillage, Fuel consumption, Weeding,Cost

Location: Godagari, Rajshahi

Start Date: 00-00-2010

End Date: 00-00-2010

Program Area: Farm Mechanization

Commodity: Farm machineries

Objectives:

1.To evaluate the seed metering device of the planter

2.To evaluate the agronomic performance of direct seeded rice under line sowing by strip tillage, zero tillage, single pass shallow tillage and bed planting and fertilizer application in single pass operation using the planter in silty clay soil.

Methodology:

This experiment was conducted in the farmer’s field, Godagari, Rajshahi during aus season (2010) and aman season (2010). The treatments were (i) conventional tillage (CT) (ii) strip tillage (ST) (iii) bed planting (BP) (iv) zero tillage (ZT) and arranged in a randomized complete block (RCB) design with three replications. Before seeding, flute type seed meters were calibrated for each treatment to get the recommended and uniform seed rate. In CT, land was prepared with two passes tillage by 2WT followed by leveling. Seeds and fertilizer were hand broadcast in CT. In ST, BP and ZT, land preparation, seeding and basal fertilizer application were done simultaneously in single pass operation by the planter. Row to row spacing in CT, ST, BP and ZT were 25, 20, 25 and 20 cm, respectively. In aus season, land was irrigated at night and excess water was drained out in the morning due to high ambient temperature. Some crops were damaged due to high water temperature in aus season. Subsequent irrigations were applied as when required uniformly in all plots. In both seasons, irrigation water was applied five times in all the plots. In aman season, non-selective herbicide glyphosate was applied @ 7.5 l ha-1 one day before seeding in all the plots. In aus season, pre-planting herbicide was not used and the weed infestation was severe in all plots. Hand weeding was done on 26 days after seeding (DAS) to keep the field weed free. Grain yield was recorded from pre-selected 10 m2 area and was adjusted to 14% moisture content. A simple economic analysis was done based on total production. Production cost included rental charge of the land and input cost. Data were analysed by using statistical software Mstat-C. Means were compared with least significant difference (LSD) test.

Source of Information: FMPHT Division report

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. Government

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Minimum tillage saved 25-41% carbon-dioxide emission due to burning fossil fuel. Strip tillage saved 50% fuel seeding operation compared to CT. Fuel consumption was the highest in BP among the minimum tillage practices due to use of 24 tynes to till and throw the soil inward for bed formation indicating that more energy was needed to accomplish the task of bed shaping. Grain yield was not statistically significant under minimum tillage in aus season. This study also reflected the same trend. Profitability of establishing direct seeded rice in ST was higher than that of planting seeds in CT. Benefit cost ratio (BCR) was highest in ST (2.14) followed by CT (1.73), ZT (1.97) and BP (1.57. Direct seeded rice established in BP was less profitable in High Barind Tract.

Knowledge Management: Report/Proceedings