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A Survey on the Natural Incidence of White Muscardine Disease of Silkworm (bombyx Mori L.) in Two Major Sericulture Extension Areas in Bangladesh.

M.K. Pasha
Senior Research Officer
Bangladesh Sericulture Research and training Institute (BSRTI), Rajshahi.

M.S. Alam
Department of Botany, Rajshahi University

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The white muscardine disease of silkworm is very common throughout the world, wherever silkworm is reared (Steinhous 1949). The incidence of this disease is varied in different countries, regions, crops and even in farmers. It was reported that cocoon yield loss by this disease in Northern Italy was about 5 to 35% (Anon 1928). Similarly in Karnataka state of India during the year 1974 and 1975, this disease caused a total loss of Rs. 3 crores (Samson et al. 1986). It was also reported that the cocoon yield was affected 5 to 50% by this disease in different countries of the world (Jayaramaiah et al 1986). Though the sericulture industry in Bangladesh having its existence for a long time, yet there is no documentary evidence on the incidence of this disease. Hence a survey was made to find out the natural incidence of white muscardine disease of silkworm in different seasons and major sericulture extension areas of Bangladesh.

Keywords: Incidence, White muscardine disease. Seasons, Extension areas.

Location: Bangladesh Sericulture Research and Training Institute(BSRTI)

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Diseases

Objectives:

To find out the natural incidence of white muscardine disease of silkworm in different seasons and major sericulture extension areas of Bangladesh.

Methodology:

The survey was conducted during October-November (Agrahyoni, season 1) and February-March (Chaita, season2) rearing seasons at Bholahat and Mirgonj extension areas under Chapai Nawabganj and Rajshahi District of Bangladesh. The observation was conducted for three years, in five locations considereing three rearers house in each location comprising fifteen rearers house in each area. The local multivoltine silkworms were being reared in fields during this study. The worms were counted from different places of the rearing trays, grouped into healthy and infected one and the percentage of incidence was calculated. Prevailing temperature (C) and relative humidity (%) of the rearing houses of both the extension areas were recorded during the observation periods. It reveals that the higher incidence is observed during October-November (season 1) at Bholahat (26.42%) and Mirganj areas (5.85%). However the average incidence of the disease is observed to be more at Bholahat (18.37%) than Mirganj (4.21%). In both the seasons, relative humidity was recorded to be higher (90.10 and 85.07%) and temperature was found to be lower (24.53°C and 26.93°C) at Bholahat. area. The incidence of white muscardine disease of silkworm is very common during October-November (Agrahyoni) and February-March (Chaita) seasons in Bangladesh except in other seasons. In the present observation the incidence of the disease was higher at Bholahat area (18.37%) than Mirganj (4.21%). It was also found that the season 1 (October- November) showed the higher percentage of incidence compare to season2 (February-March) in both areas.

Source of Information: Bulletin of Sericulture Research. 1998 Vol.9: 85-86 published by Bangladesh Sericulture Research and Training Institute.

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. Government

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

It is fact that the rearer's of Bholahat area conduct silkworm rearing under closed door condition which cause to increase the relative humidity of the rearing house. So the higher incidence of white muscardine disease of Bholahat area might be due to high relative humidity and moderate prevailing room temperature of the rearing house which favoured the development of disease. On the other hand, the incidence of this disease is less at MirganJ area compare to Bholahat area due to following the latest technology of silkworm rearing suggested by the field staff. Jayaramaiah et at (1986) also reported that the severity of this disease incidence is high in moderate temperature under high humid conditions which corroborates with the present study. As the disease occurs only during the favourable seasons (October-November and February-March) and causes a considerable loss in cocoon harvest, the rearers therefore should follow the uptodate technology of silkworm rearing and there by maintain hygienic.

Knowledge Management: Journal