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Studies on Some of the Nutrient Changes in Mulberry Leaves Infected by Phyllactinia Corylea.

M.R. Ali
Senior Research Officer
Bangladesh Sericulture Research and training Institute (BSRTI), Rajshahi.

M.A. Quiyyum
Reseach Officer
BSRTI, Rajshahi.

M.S. Rahman
Senior Research Officer
Bangladesh Sericulture Research and training Institute (BSRTI), Rajshahi.

Lipika Ghosh
Department of Botany, Rajshahi University

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Mulberry (Moms sp.) is the only food plant of silkworm (Bombyx mori L.). Therefore quality of mulberry leaf has an intimate relation to silkworm health and quality cocoon production. Mulberry leaves is susceptible to various diseases among which the powdery mildew, a fungal disease caused by Phyllactinia corylea (pers) Karst. is the most common and serious disease in mulberry. In temperate and tropical regions where mulberry cultivation is practiced, it is badly affected by this disease. The diseased leaves are not poisonous to silkworm but are poor in nutritive value owing to the absorption of leaf nutrients by the fungus. Silkworm fed with those infected leaves become stunted with consequent prolongation of larval period and poor cocoon formation (Nomani et al, 1970) As the disease advances the affected leaves become coarse dry and the protein level essential for silkworm is significantly brought down (Shree et al, 1986). It is reported that the yield and the quality of silk are reduced after infection with powdery mildew disease (Ali 1995). The highest amount of vitamin-C (0.041% and 0.033%) was calculated in BM-4 variety in healthy as well as diseased condition.

Keywords: Mulberry, Nutrient changes, Phyllactinia corylea, Silkworm.

Location: Bangladesh Sericulture Research and Training Institute

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Diseases

Objectives:

To ascertain the changes of essential nutrients such as moisture, protein, lipid, vitamin-C, total sugar, reducing sugar, non-reducing sugar and starch contents in five varieties viz., BM-1, BM-2, BM-3, BM-4 and BM-5 of healthy and Phyllactinia corylea infected mulberry leaves.

Methodology:

Mulberry leaves (healthy and diseased) of these selected varieties were collected from the Bangladesh Sericulture Research and Training Institute, Rajshahi, Bangladesh. All the reagents used for biochemical analysis of the mulberry leaves were of analytical grade. Protein content was analyzed by the Kjeldhal Method (Jayaraman 1981) while lipid content was determined following the method of Bligh and Dyer (1959). Vitamin C content was estimated by the titrimetric method (Bessy and King 1993). Total sugar and starch content of mulberry leaves were estimated following the method as described by Jayaraman (1981), Reducing sugar content was determined by dinitrosallcylic acid method (Miller 1972), while non-reducing sugar i.e., sucrose content was calculated following the formula as described by Ranganna(1979). The biochemical parameters of healthy and infected mulberry leaves were analyzed and the results were presented in Tables 1-2. As presented in Table 1 protein, lipid, moisture and vitamin C contents of mulberry leaves decreased significantly after infection with disease. Among the varieties examined, BM-4 contained the highest amount of moisture (74.62% and 64.44%), protein (22.27% and 14.13%) and lipid (0.89% and 0.83%) and the average decrease of their contents in diseased leaves were 31.97%, 38.31% and 10.90% respectively. Similar results have been reported in fruit rot disease infected guava caused by Saud et al. (2000).

Source of Information: Bulletin of Sericulture Research. 2000-2004 Vol.11: 91-93 published by Bangladesh Sericulture Research and Training Institute.

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. Government

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Total sugar, reducing sugar, non-reducing and starch contents in all five varieties of mulberry leaves were found to decrease after infection with Phyllactinia coryiea. The average decrease in total sugar, reducing sugar, non-reducing sugar and starch contents were about 16.91%, 23.28%, 26% and 95.81%, respectively. BM-4 contained highest amount of total sugar, reducing sugar, non-reducing sugar and starch contents in both conditions. Decrease in those contents might be due to excessive utilization of sugar by the pathogen as carbon sources for their growth and reproduction. Ghosh et al. (2003) and Ghosh (1996) found similar result in mulberry leaves and guava after infection with leaf spot disease. Considering the results obtained it may be concluded that the metabolic process of infected plant is altered as compared to healthy ones, which leads to yield reduction of mulberry leaves.

Knowledge Management: Journal