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Effect of Post-anthesis Heat Stress on Grain Development of Wheat Cultivars

S. Sikder
Department of Crop Physiology and Ecology, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur, Bangladesh.

M.A. Hasan
Department of Crop Physiology and Ecology, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur, Bangladesh.

M. Hasanuzzaman
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur, Bangladesh.

A.K.M.M.B. Chowdhury
Department of Crop Physiology and Ecology, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur, Bangladesh.

M.H.R Hafiz
Department of Crop Physiology and Ecology, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Grain development of four heat tolerant (Gourab, Sourav, Kanchan and Shatabdi) and two heat sensitive (Sonora and Kalyansona) wheat cultivars were evaluated under normal and late growing post-anthesis heat stress conditions by seeding those on 30 November and 30 December of 2006 to evaluate their grain growth pattern, floret sterility and seed size. A sigmoid pattern of grain growth was found in all the cultivars for both the growing conditions. At the normal growing condition, both groups of cuItivars had similar grain growth duration of 35 days after anthesis (DAA). But in late growing heat stress condition, heat tolerant cultivars had longer grain filling duration (30 DAA) compared to heat sensitive cuItivars (25 DAA). In both the growing conditions, heat tolerant cultivars had higher grain growth rate than those of the heat sensitive cultivars. Higher seed weight was found at normal growing condition compared to late growing condition. Heat tolerant cultivars had distinctly higher individual seed size than those of the heat sensitive ones. From heat susceptibility index it was observed that the cultivars Sourav, Kanchan and Shatabdi were remarkably lower heat susceptible in seed size compared to Sonora and Kalyansona.

Keywords: Wheat, Grain development, Seed size, Floret sterility, Heat susceptibility

Location: Research Farm of Crop Physiology and Ecology Department of Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur

Start Date: 00-00-2006

End Date: 00-00-2007

Program Area: Risk Management in Agriculture

Commodity: Wheat

Objectives:

To study the grain growth pattern, floret sterility and seed size of wheat cultivars in relation to their heat tolerance.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted at the Research Farm of Crop Physiology and Ecology Department of Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University (HSTU), Dinajpur during 2006-07. Six wheat cultivars were used as the study materials. On the basis of membrane thermostability, four cultivars (Gourab, Sourav, Kanchan and Shatabdi) were heat tolerant and the rest two (Sonora and Kalyansona) were heat sensitive. Seeds were sown on 30 November and 30 December, 2006. Sowing of 30 November was considered as the normal growing condition, whereas 30 December sowing was regarded as the late growing post- anthesis heat stress condition. The experiment was replicated thrice in a split plot design where two growing conditions (sowing times) were placed in the main plots and six wheat cultivars in sub-plots. Seeds were sown continuously in rows 20 cm apart at the rate of 120 kg ha^-1 in a unit plot of 3m x 2m. Crop managements were done accordingly to the recommendations of the wheat Research Centre, BARI. The data were analyzed by partitioning the total variance with the help of computer by using MSTATC programme. The treatment means were compared using Duncun's Multiple Range Test.

Source of Information: J. Sci. Technol. (Dinajpur) Vol. 7: 50-57 (2009), ISSN 1994-0386

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The present study it might be concluded that heat tolerant cultivars (Gourab, Sourav, Kanchan and Shatabdi) showed a longer grain filling duration with high filling rate and less heat susceptibility in seed size compared to heat sensitive cultivars (Sonora and Kalyansona) and these may be considered as the potential indicators of heat tolerance.

Knowledge Management: Journal