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Long-term Effect of Conservation Tillage on Soil Chemical Properties in Rice-maize Cropping System

AKM Saiful Islam
Senior Scientific Officer
Farm Machinery and Postharvest Technology Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Gazipur-1701

Dr. Md. Abu Saleque
Soil Science Division, BRRI

Dr. Md. Mosharraf Hossain
ARD, BRRI

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Effect of tillage on soil SOM, K concentration, potassium and nitrogen was not significant after crop harvest. The values measured at the end of the trial showed that there was an improvement in soil organic matter in all the tillage trials. Examining the depth effect under tillage practices there was a decline in SOM with depth. SOM was increasing in the succeeding crop harvest in both layers. At the end of the three-year trial, minimum tillage increased K concentration, potassium and nitrogen at both layer. In each crop season, the incorporation of crop residue did not influence the available K concentrations significantly. However, residue retention increased K concentration at 7.5-15 cm depth, respectively. The total N content was the highest in top layer than bottom layer. The total N concentration was fairly similar in all the tillage treatment. Soil N was not affected significantly by residue incorporation in three years study. Irrespective of tillage practices, phosphorus level was increased from initial condition to the end of the experiment. At the end of the three-year trial, minimum tillage increased P concentration at both layers.

Keywords: Minimum tillage, Unpuddled transplanting, Zero tillage, Strip tillage, Bed planting, Residue retention, Potassium, Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Organic matter

Location: BRRI Regional Station, Rajshahi

Start Date: 01-07-2011

End Date: 30-06-2012

Program Area: Farm Mechanization

Commodity: Farm machineries, Land management

Objectives:

To investigate the changes on soil chemical properties to develop useful tillage and residue retention system

Methodology:

The experiment was laid out in a strip plot design with tillage options as main plot and crop residue retention as subplot with three replications in regional station, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Rajshahi. Field experiment involved conventional tillage(CT), single pass wet tillage (SPWT), zero tillage (ZT), bed planting (BP) and strip tillage (ST) with three levels of residue retention (100%, 50% and 0%). In maize season, treatment SPWT was changed to treatment ZT. Rice was grown in wet season (Aman) and maize is grown in dry season (Rabi). In rice cultivation, CT consisted of 2 passes primary tillage by 2 WT and exposed to sun for two days followed by inundating whole plot and puddling by 2WT with 2 passes to complete land preparation. In SPWT, one pass tillage by 2 WT after inundating the field. The land was fully inundated one day before transplanting in unpuddled plots. As per treatment sequence, previous crop residue was spread in between rows of rice and maize at 20 days after transplanting/seeding. Residue incorporation was started after first rice crop. Rice variety BR11 and maize variety NK40 were grown in this experiment. Soil samples were taken randomly in three places in subplots between rows of crops and top of bed at two depths for chemical analysis. Chemical analysis was done in Soil Resource Development Institute (SRDI) laboratory, Rajshahi. Soil total N was determined following procedure of semi-micro Kjeldahl method. The content of available P was determined by Olsen method (Olsen et al., 1954). Phosphorus was determined colorimetrically (Murphy and Riley, 1962). Soil exchangeable K was determined by 1 M ammonium acetate extraction method.

Source of Information: BRRI Annual Research Review, 2011-2012

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1.	Budget:
2. Government	Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

At the end of the three-year trial, minimum tillage increased SOM, K concentration, phosphorus and nitrogen increased in the top and bottom layer. The residue incorporation did not have any statistical effect on SOM, K concentration, phosphorus and nitrogen.

Knowledge Management: Report/Proceedings