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Genetic Diversity and Maternal Origin of Indigenous Chicken of Bangladesh

M.S.A. Bhuiyan
Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, BLRI, Savar, Dhaka-1341

S. Faruque
Poultry production research division, BLRI, Savar, Dhaka-1341

A.K.F.H. Bhuiyan
Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, BLRI, Savar, Dhaka-1341

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) sequence polymorphisms were analyzed to assess the genetic diversity and possible maternal origin of Bangladeshi indigenous chickens. The first 648 bp fragment of mtDNA control (D-loop) region was sequenced in 96 chickens from five different populations. Sequence analysis revealed 39 variable sites that defined 25 haplotypes. Estimates of haplotype and nucleotide diversities ranged from 0.745 to 0.901 and from 0.011 to 0.016, respectively. The pairwise difference between populations ranged from 0.091 to 1.459 while most of the Fst values were significant. Furthermore, ANOVA analysis revealed 89.16% of the total genetic diversity was accounted for within population variation, indicating little genetic differentiation among the studied populations. The median network analysis illustrated five distinct clades (A, D, E, F and I). Individuals from all Bangladeshi chicken populations were represented in the major clades D and E; those maternal origins are presumed to be of Indian Subcontinent and Southeast Asian countries, more particularly from South China, Vietnam, Myanmar and Thailand. Further, phylogenetic analysis showed G. g. gallus and G. g. spadiceus had major influence than G. g. murghi in the origin of indigenous chicken (IC) of Bangladesh. These results suggest that Bangladeshi indigenous chickens still have high genetic diversity and have originated from multiple maternal lineages, and further conservation efforts are warranted to maintain the diversity.

Keywords: Genetic diversity, mtDNA, Maternal origin, Chicken, Bangladesh

Location: Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, BLRI

Start Date: 01-07-2011

End Date: 30-06-2012

Program Area: Conservation and Biodiversity

Commodity: Chicken

Objectives:

Study the genetic diversity of Bangladeshi chicken and find out the maternal lineage to maintain the biodiversity

Methodology:

Below mentioned interventions were done in the methodology: 1) Sampling 2) PCR amplification and sequencing 3) Population genetic analysis

Source of Information: BLRI. Proceedings of Annual Research Review Workshop, 2011-2012. Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute (BLRI), Savar, Dhaka-1341.

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The mtDNA diversity of Bangladeshi chicken populations is relatively high. In contrast, the genetic distance among the populations are relatively low. They are originated from at least four distinct maternal lineages and those are distributed across the country. Result depicted that two sub-species of red jungle fowls (G.g.gallus and G.g.spadiceus)were important ancestors for the present day IC of Banladesh where G.g.murghi and G.g.jaboullei had little influence.It suggest prominent influence from Southeast than South Asia in the origin of Bagladeshi IC. However, it requires in depth study.

Knowledge Management: Report/Proceedings