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Effect of Continuous Wetland Intensive Rice Cropping on Sustainable Soil Fertility and Productivity

Masuda Akter
Senior Scientific Officer
Soil Science Division, BRRI Gazipur

Pranesh Kumar Saha
Principal Scientific Officer
Soil Science Division, BRRI Gazipur

S. Kaiser Zaman
Chief Scientific Officer
Soil Science Division, BRRI Gazipur

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The annual rice production decreased over time in unfertilized plot and came down grain yield about 1.77 t/ha after 28 years. In contrast, NPKS fertilizer application over this time showed little bit increasing tendency or maintain static position in rice yield as of 1981. Immediate and residual effect of S on grain yield was observed over NPK fertilizer treatment in perpetually wet condition since S deficiency was made in this experiment. Like S, Cu application also produced the highest yield than other treatments indicating the emergence of Cu as a sixth yield limiting nutrient factor for rice in continuously wetland conditions is imminent. The yield of control plot ranged from 0.23-1.44 t/ha irrespective of varieties and season. But its reversed management i.e. addition of complete fertilizer (NPKSZnCu) produced equivalent yield to complete fertilizer treatment. It clearly indicates that the soil has capability to produce optimum yield when received balanced fertilizer.

Keywords: Rice, Nutrient deficiency, intensive cropping system, N, P, K, Zn, S

Location: Bangladesh Rice Research Institute farm, Gazipur

Start Date: 1-7- 2008

End Date: 30-6- 2009

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Soil fertility

Objectives:

1. to monitor soil fertility changes over time.

Methodology:

This study was initiated on a permanent layout in 1971. Since then three rice crops (Boro, T.Aus and T.Aman) have been grown with NPK dose (N^₁₂₀/80/80P25K35) for each crop keeping the soil perpetually wet. In 1982, the field was divided into two sub-plots and one plot received previous NPK dose and the other plot maintained as fertilizer control. In 1984, the NPK treatment was modified with the inclusion of S as gypsum because of S deficiency confirmed through soil-plant analysis and also green house studies. The application of S brought about dramatic improvement in the growth and yield of rice. From the year 1991 the plot again divided into five sub-plots to accommodate two N levels with and without S fertilizer comprising 4 treatments with an absolute control. Since Boro 2000, the treatments were modified again and experimental plots were redesigned and six treatments viz. control, reverse control (NPKSZnCu), NPK, NPKS, NPKSZn and NPKSZnCu were imposed. Two MV rice were tested in each cropping season; BR1 & BR26 in T.Aus, BRRIdhan31 & BRRIdhan39 in T.Aman and BRRI dhan28 & BRRI dhan29 in Boro season. The NPK doses were 140-25-80, 60-15-80 and 60-10-60 kg/ha for Boro, T .Aman and T .Aus respectively. Sulfur, Zn and Cu were applied at the rate of 10, 4 and 1 kg/ha in Boro season only.

Source of Information: Proceedings of BRRI Annual Internal Review, 2008- 2009

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. Government

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The balance was estimated assuming 60% of added N was lost as gaseous loss. The amount of N and K uptake was higher than those of P and S. The balance and annual balance of N was negative in all the treatments due to higher amount of N removal by crops and much of applied N was lost from the soil by various ways (volatilization, denitrification, surface runoff, leaching etc). The K balance was negative due to higher amount of K removal by crops and much of applied K was lost from the soil by leaching. The P and S balances were favorable, quite large amount of P and S was accumulated in soil of fertilized plots. The reverse nutrients management may have the capability to produce optimum rice yield if the crop fertilized with balanced.

Knowledge Management: Report/Proceedings