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Research Detail

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N. R. Sarker
Animal Production Research Division, Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute, Savar, Dhaka 1341.

K. S. Huque
Animal Production Research Division, Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute, Savar, Dhaka 1341.

T. Rahman
Department of Dairy Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202

S. M. J. Hossain
Support Service Division, Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute, Savar, Dhaka 1341.

To determine the feeding effect of fresh and water hyacinth silage, a feeding trial was conducted with 25 Pabna growing bulls about 27 months of age and weighing 184.4 kg were divided into five groups on the basis of other initial live weight and then they were randomly assigned to five dietary treatments on body weight, nutrient utilization in bull calves. The dietary treatments are T1 = 100% rice straw +5% molasses; T2 = 100% fresh water hyacinth +5% molasses; T3 = Ensiled water hyacinth (75% water hyacinth +25% rice straw; T4 = Ensiled water hyacinth (50% water hyacinth +25% rice straw); ; T5 = Ensiled water hyacinth (25% water hyacinth +75% rice straw). In all Ensiled water hyacinth 5% water hyacinth molasses was used during ensiling process. In addition to this, 1 kg concentrated mixture per 100 kg live weight was supplied to mall the experimental animals. The study revealed that the average daily DM intake was 7.04, 6.7 and 4.1, 6.4, 6.8 kg for diets T1, T2, T3, T4 and T5 respectively, which did not differ significantly (p<0.01) among the treatment groups. However, DM intake when expressed as percent of live weight or as metabolic body weight showed significant (p<0.01) difference between diets containing ensiled water hyacinth. Daily CP intake was 429.87, 382.69, 307.95, 344.38 and 327.18 g for diets T1, T2, T3, T4 and T5 respectively. The daily average live weight gain in animals fed diets T1, T2, T3, T4 and T5 were 243.3, 226.6, 110.0 and 223.3 g respectively. Live weight gain on diet T4 was significantly (p<0.01) higher than that of diet T1, T2, T3, and T5. The results suggested that ensiled water hyacinth had higher growth response possibly due to better nutrient contents and their utilization. The digestibility of CP was significantly (p<0.01) higher for diets T4 (75.9%), T2 (73.4), T5 (72.9) and T3 (71.8%) compared to that of diet T1 (62.7%). But there was no significant difference between diets T2, T3, T4 and T5 for CP digestibility. The digestibility of Acid detergent fiber (ADF) was 60.6, 40.4, 33.7, 48.9 and 42.2% for diets T1, T2, T3, T4 and T5 respectively. The results revealed that there was significant difference among the diets. Neutral detergent fiber (NDF) digestibility of different diets was significantly (p<0.01) differ among the treatment groups. The ME values were 8.50, 8.52, 8.23, 8.57 and 8.36 MJ/kg for diets T1, T2, T3, T4 and T5 respectively. The daily average nitrogen intake was no significant difference among the treatment groups. But the animals fed on diets T1 showed higher nitrogen intake than the animals fed on T1, T2, T3, T4 and T5 because diets T1 intake more DM than others diet. Besides, N intake was significantly (p<0.01) higher for diet T1 and T4 when compared to the diet T2, T3 and T5 but there was no significant difference between the treatment T1 and T4. The percent N retention did not differ significantly (p<0.01) among the treatment groups although there was a trend to increase in the water hyacinth fed groups. Feed conversion efficiency was significantly (p<0.01) higher in animals fed diets T4 (37.54%). The results of the present study indicated that the supplementation of water hyacinth in straw based diets (T4) resulted in efficient utilization of feed compare to those of the others diet (T1, T2, T3, and T5). Similarly, protein conversion efficiency also showed significant (p<0.01) differences among the dietary groups T1, T2, T3, T4 and T5. Superior protein conversion efficiency was on diets T4 (1.2) followed by T1 (1.76), T2 (1.6), T3 (2.7) and T5 (1.4). Based on chemical composition, nutrient digestibility, nutritive value and animal performance it may be concluded that ensiled water hyacinth can be used as cattle feed in combination with rice straw and feeding of ensiled water hyacinth up to 50% of the roughage DM in straw based diet can be suggested.

  Development, Feeding systems, Utilization, Water Hyacinth, Ruminants.
  Dairy Farm of Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute, Savar
  01-07-2009
  30-06-2010
  Animal Health and Management
  Fodder

1. Determination of chemical composition fresh and ensiled water hyacinth. 2. Investigation of the effects of feeding ensiled water hyacinth on feed intake and growth performance of local bull calves.

The experiment was conducted to determine the nutrient content of water hyacinth and the effect of feeding ensiled water hyacinth (Eichhorina crassipes) on growth perfoemance of bull calves. The study includes collection of water hyacinth, selection of animals, feeding of animals, metabolism trial, live weight changes of animals, chemical analysis of samples and statistical analysis of results. Location and time: The experiment was carried out at the Dairy Farm of Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute, Savar during the period from January 2010 to March 2010. Growth and digestibility trial on calves were conducted for 60 days from January 2010 to March 2010 and analysis of different samples conducted from January 2010 to April 2010. Selection of Animals: Twenty five male growing calves weighing on an average 184.6 kg and aged about 27 months were randomly selected for the feeding trial. Faeces of each calves were examined for parasitic infestation and all the animals were dewormed with an anthelmentic drug just prior to start of the experiment. Experimental design: The animals were blocked into five groups according to live weight having five animals in each group. The animals were randomly assigned to five dietary treatments in a randomized block design (RBD). Preparation of ensiled water hyacinth: The fresh water hyacinth (DM contained 10-15) was harvested from different lake of Jahangirnagar University campus. After then water hyacinth mixed rice straw on DM basis. Added 5% molasses on the mixture and the materials were properly mixed. Experimental diets: The diets were formulated using rice straw, fresh water hyacinth, silage using water hyacinth and concentrate mixture. Method of feeding: Feeds were offered at the rate of 3.5 kg DM/100 kg live weight to satisfy the appetite of the animals. The concentrate protein of the ration was supplied first and then roughage was fed. Measurement of feed intake: The roughage intake of each animal was determined by subtracting the amount of left over from the amount of feed given on the previous day. Measurement of live weight changes: The initial live weight of each animal was recorded as the average weight of three consecutive days. During the whole experimental period, the animals of different treatments were weighted fortnightly before morning feed supply. Metabolism trial and sample collection: A the middle of the experiment a metabolism trial was conducted group wise for a period of 7 days. The animals were allowed 2 days for adaptation with the metabolic crate before the starting of collection period. Collection of feed samples: Representative samples of rice straw, fresh water hyacinth, ensiled water hyacinth and concentrate mixture were collected daily. Collection of feed refusal samples: The feed refused by individual animal during the period of 24 hours was weighed and recorded. Collection of feed faeces samples: The total quantity of faeces voided daily was recorded against each animal for five days. Faeces were collected separately in polythene bags to avoid the loss of volatile nitrogen and contamination with dirt and urine. Collection of urine samples: Urine was collected daily in the morning. The total amount of urine excreted by each animal was measured and recorded. Chemical analysis: Representative samples of rice straw, feaces and water hyacinth silage were subjected to chemical analysis for the determination of DM, crude protein (CP), ash and ADF, NDF following the methods of AOAC. All the samples were analyzed in duplicate and mean values were recorded. In addition water samples and urine samples were also analyzed for N content. Statistical analysis: The data were analyzed by using the ‘MSTAT’ statistical program to compute analysis of variance (ANOVA) for a randomized block design (RBD) and the mean values with standard error of difference (SED) were recorded. Least significant difference (LSD) test was also done to compare the treatment means for different parameters.

  BLRI. Proceedings of the Annual Research Review Workshop 2009-2010, Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute, Savar, Dhaka 1341.
  
Funding Source:
1.  Bangladesh Agricultural Research Council Budget:  
  

Based on chemical composition, nutrient digestibility, nutritive value and animal performance it may be concluded that ensiled water hyacinth can be used as cattle feed in combination with rice straw and feeding of ensiled water hyacinth up to 50% of the roughage DM in straw based diet can be suggested. Furthermore, use of ensiled water hyacinth in cattle diet would help to mitigate the chronic livestock feed shortage in Bangladesh.

  Report/Proceedings
  


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