P. K. Sarkar
Principal Scientific Officer
IWM Division, BARI, Gazipur
D. K. Roy
Scientific Officer
IWM Division, BARI, Gazipur
M. S. Rahman
Scientific Officer
IWM Division, BARI, Gazipur
A. F. M. T. Islam
Scientific Officer
IWM Division, BARI, Gazipur
A. Khatun
Principal Scientific Officer
IWM Division, BARI, Gazipur
Demand of ground water for agriculture, industrial and drinking water is increasing with the increase of population. Large scale groundwater exploitation is causing alarming depletion of ground water table with the consequence of irreversible environmental impact. Under this context, management of ground water should consider both the quality and quantity issues in integrated manner. This study was conducted to investigate the groundwater fluctuation pattern in Gazipur district using observation well data during 1997-2007. Three observation wells at different location of the Gazipur Sadar upazilla were randomly selected for data collection. From the study it may be concluded that groundwater levels are rapidly declining and the levels are already beyond the suction limits of manual and centrifugal pumps. The groundwater resources of this region are overexploited. From November to February/March there is scanty or no rainfall. Annual recharge was found much less in comparison to the withdrawal and the aquifer was never fully replenished throughout the study period. Consequently a gradual decline in static water level was observed in this region. The level is much more below than the suction limit. In some areas the maximum groundwater level was observed below 30 m during dry period.
Ground water, annual recharge, observation well
Crop-Soil-Water Management
The objectives of this study were intended to investigate the trend of WT fluctuation over the years,to evaluate WT response to the annual rainfall, and to assess the trend of present ground water recharge.
Gazipur district is surrounded by Mymensing in the north, Kishoreganj and Narshingdi in the east, Dhaka and Narayanganj in the south and Tangail district in the west. The study area lies between latitudes of 23o 50 ©N to 24o 20 ©N and longitudes of 90o10 © E to 90o40 ©E. Geologically, it is on integral part in the southern tip of the Madhupur tract and uplifted block in the Bengal basin, with many depressions of recent origin in it (Akhter et. al, 2009). The district is characterized by a tropical monsoon climate with an average annual precipitation of 2100 mm (from 1997 to 2007). The rainfall was unevenly distributed throughout the year maximum during July and August. The annual mean temperature is 260C with long term average maximum and minimum monthly temperatures ranges from 25.5 and 11.70C in January to 35.1 and 23.40C in April.
Groundwater level data for 2001-2008 were collected from Bangladesh Water Development Board (BWDB). Observation wells of the study area were selected for Joydebpur Upazilla. Rainfall data for the study period were collected from the weather station located at the central farm of BARI, Gazipur. Table 3 gives the description of observation wells and monthly rainfall for the study period are presented in Table 4. The groundwater data from January 1997 to December 2007 were procured from the groundwater circle II (GWC II) a wing of Bangladesh Water Development Board (BWBD). GWC II in Dhaka city has been maintaining and keeping records of groundwater observation wells for a long time.
BARI Annual Report 2010-2011
This is a preliminary report and a detailed data/information collection and analysis is still on progress. However, some basic conclusions may be drawn from here. Due to increasing consumption by multiple users, water levels are declining at a rapid rate. An alarming situation regarding the groundwater status is prevailing in this region. Ground water management for this region should, thus, include assessment of water resources and its spatial distribution, increasing ground water recharge, mitigation of ground water contamination from pollution sources, monitoring of effect of groundwater exploitation and implementation of a plan of optimum utilization of ground water and if possible conjunctive use of groundwater and surface water.
Report/Proceedings