The genetic diversity among 88 soybean genotypes was studied using Mahalanobis D2 statistics and Rao’s Canonical Variate Analysis. The genotypes were grouped into five clusters. The wild relative of soybean G56 was clustered as single group. The clustering pattern revealed that genetic divergence and geographical distribution were random and independent. Pod per plant, plant height, days to maturity, days to flowering were major characters showed important role and contributed predominantly toward the genetic divergence. Among the five clusters, cluster-IV may consider as a leading cluster and had the highest cluster mean value for eight characters. Considering cluster distance, cluster mean and mean performance of the genotypes for yield, the genotypes G56, G13, G47, G77, G88, G53, G27, G22 and G29 may be considered better parents for future hybridization program. The genotype G56 and G88 may produce dream child of a breeder.
Soybean, Genetic diversity, Multivariate analysis, D2 statistics
Joydebpur, Gazipur
December,2009
Variety and Species
Genetic divergence is one of the useful tools to select appropriable crop varieties for hybridization to develop high yield potential cultivars, Infect, genetic diversity in varieties has been emphasized for both self and cross-pollinated crop (Murty and Anand, 1966; and Griffing and lindstrom, 1954). The genetic diversity identified through biometrical procedures helps to choose genetically diverse parents as variety (Anderson, 1957. and Rao. 1952).
An attempt was made in the present study to analyze the genetic deference of 88 soybean genotypes for identifying promising parental genotypes with a view to improvement of soybean varieties.
The 88 genotypes of soybeans were collected from germplasm collections of Oilseed Research Centre, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur, during Late Rabi (December-April), 2009-10 following RCB design with three replications. The unit plot size was 4.8 m2 (4 rows 4 meter long) and the spacing was maintained 30cm between rows and 10cm between plants. The sowing date was 20th December, 2009. Fertilizers were applied @ 25:35:55:18 kg/ha of NPKS respectively from Urea, TSP, MP and Gypsum. Half of the Urea and all other fertilizers were applied at the time of final land preparation. The remaining half of the Urea was applied as top dress during flower primordial stage. Other intercultural operations were done as and when necessary. Data on days to flowering, days to maturity and seed yield were taken on the whole plot basis. The other yield contributing characters were recorded from 10 randomly selected plants of each plot. Seed yield per plot were converted into kg/ha. Genetic diversity was estimated using Mahalanobi’s generaliszed distance (D2) extended by Rao (1952). Tocher’s method was followed to determine the group constellation. Canonical variate analysis was also performed as per Rao (1964) to confirm the results of cluster and D2 analysis. The data were analyses in IBM computer using Genstat 11.5 program.
Published Paper
The canonical vitiate analysis revealed the in both the vectors (Vector-1 and vector-2) pod per plant (0.36047 and 0.17608) was positive. This character contributed predominantly towards genetic divergences. In case of vector-2, plant height (0.86109), days to maturity (0.16512), days to flowering (0.15559) were major characters contributed to the genetic divergence and showed important role toward genetic divergences.
Considering cluster distance, cluster mean and mean performance of the genotypes for yield, the genotypes G56 from cluster I, genotypes G13, G47, G77, and G88 from cluster II, genotypes G53 from cluster III, genotype G27 from cluster IV, genotypes G22 and G29 from cluster V may be considered as better parents for future hybridization program.
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