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Investigation on Sources of Chemicals and Drugs Used in Aquaculture Practices in Bangladesh

Md. Alamgir
Senior Scientific Officer & Project Director
Freshwater Aquaculture and Hatchery Systems of Greater Mymensingh area, Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute, Mymensingh

Dr. M. Enamul Hoq
Senior Scientific Officer & Project Director
Freshwater Station, Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute, Mymensingh

Sub-station Chief (2)
Flood plain Aquaculture and Hatchery Systems of Northern Bangladesh

Station Chief (2)
Coastal and Marine Hatchery, Culture & Processing Systems

Sub-station Chief (2)
Aquaculture, Hatchery and Processing of Systems of Hill Tracts area

Nominated by Station Chief (2)
Coastal and Brackishwater Aquaculture and Processing Systems

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A study on current status of use of chemicals as disinfectants, fertilizers, therapeutants, antibiotics, vitamins, growth promoters and water treatment compounds in aquaculture practices revealed 60 different chemicals used by the farmers’ at Mymensingh District. Commonly found chemicals in aquaculture practices during pond preparation included lime, common salt, urea, TSP, potash, sumithion and rotenone. Megazeo, Zeofresh, Zeotox, Gastrap, Gas tablet and Zeolite were found to be the most widely used components by 45% farmers for soil and water quality management. On the contrary, lime, common salt and timsen were the most widely used chemicals by 100%, 73% and 42% farmers, respectively, as disinfectants and to control fish diseases. Some antibiotics like renamycin, oxydox-F and oxytetracycline were used during disease outbreak. A large number of chemicals were used for growth promotion included vitamins, minerals, amino acids and growth promoters. Among them ACI mix super fish and Megavit Aqua were used by 47% and 37% farmers, respectively. However, dissolved oxygen enhancing chemicals were not yet popular in the study area and used by less than 10% farmers.

Keywords: Chemicals and drugs, Aquaculture practices Therapeutants, Hatchery

Location: Mymensingh, Sirajgonj, Cox's Bazar, Hill tracts & North Bangladesh

Start Date: July 2010

End Date: June 2012

Program Area: Risk Management in Agriculture

Commodity: Aquatic animal

Objectives:

To make a check list of the chemicals and drugs used in aquaculture and associated systems; to determine the type and quantity of different chemicals and drugs used; to find out the ways and routes through which the chemicals and drugs are getting access into the country and to the users; to find out the reasons of using harmful chemicals and drugs; and to formulate mitigation measures and awareness building plan.

Methodology:

Data on current aquaculture practices were collected through pre-tested questionnaire interviews with fish farmers from three different upazilas (Mymensingh Sadar, Trisal and Muktagacha) of Mymensingh district where one of the potential freshwater aquaculture zones has developed. The questionnaire comprised of several sections like general farming and farmer’s information, pond preparation, use of chemicals /drugs during disease occurrence, use of various vitamins as feed additives. A total of 175 fish farmers of different categories (small to large) were interviewed. A set of preliminary questionnaire based on the objectives of the study was prepared and pre-tested at the field level with few farmers. Finally, based on the response, the final set of questionnaire was prepared. Data were collected through personal contact from randomly selected fish farmers from the three upazilas. Also information was collected from the different pharmaceuticals companies. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistical techniques like arithmetic mean, percentage and ratios etc.

Source of Information: Annual Research Program 2010-11. BFRI, Mymensingh.

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. Government

Budget: Twelve lakh

Total Budget (Tk.) : Twelve lakh

Achievement/Findings:

The present study indicated current status of chemicals used in important fish culture areas in Mymensingh district. Farmers used a wide range of chemicals under intensive culture system where they were heavily biased towards random applications of chemicals without emphasizing the proper dose of application. Usually less use of chemicals is the best alternative to minimize the adverse effects of chemicals in aquaculture. Recommended dosages and methods of application should be strictly followed to avoid complications that arise following chemical application. This study also leads to find out some problems associated with the use of these chemicals by the farmers. Most important thing to control fish disease should always be, ‘prevention is better than cure’.

Knowledge Management: Report/Proceedings