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Diversity of Hyacinth Bean and Its Conservation and Utilization

Md. Tariqul Islam
Scientific Officer
Plant Genetic Resources Centre, BARI, Joydebpur, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh

Dr. Md. Mamtazul Haque
Senior Scientific Officer
Plant Genetic Resources Centre, BARI, Joydebpur, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The experiment was counducted with 156 accessions of hyacinth bean (Labbab purpureus L. Sweet). The accessions exhibited colour variation from green to purple in hypocotyl, epicotyl, stem, node, and on leaf vein. Terminal leaflet shape varied from ovate, ovate-lanceolate to round. Variations were also observed in plant growth habit and raceme position. Purple and white flower colour was found among the accessions. Edible pod colour varied from green, light green or green with purple margin, yellow-green to purple. Elongate, flat and round pod shape along with straight, slightly curved or slightly curved with wavy to curved pod curvature was observed among the accessions. Small, medium to large seed size with round, ovoid to kidney shape seed were found. The accessions exhibited seed colour variation from black, white, red purple, grayed-orange to bicolour. A fairly wide range of variations (21 to 36%) were observed in rachis length, peduncle length, number of flowering nodes per rachis, pods per cluster, pods per plant, pod length, pod weight and hundred seed weight. The accessions were grouped into seven clusters. No clear relationship was found between geographic origin and genetic diversity. The accessions are distributed to the plant breeders and others for varietal improvement.

Keywords: Lablab, genetic divergence, cluster, conservation, utilization and Bangladesh

Location: Plant Genetic Resources Centre, BARI, Joydebpur, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh

Start Date: 07.09.2003

End Date: 30.06.2004

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity:

Objectives:

(i) to study the genetic diversity, (ii) to identify salient features that distinguish accessions from one another,(iii) to identify the promising accessions for varietal development and (iv) to increase seeds for conservation.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted at the Plant Genetic Resources Centre of Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Joydebpur, Gazipur, during 2003-04. The accessions were collected from 15 districts namely Chittagong, Bandarban, Rangamati, Cox’s Bazar, Feni, Barisal, Moulavibazar, Gazipur, Jamalpur, Sherpur, Rajshahi, Natore, Nawabganj, Pabna and Kushtia of Bangladesh.The seedlings were raised in the polythene bags on 7 September 2003. Ten day old healthy seedlings were transplanted in the field. Both row to row and plant to plant distance was four meter for normal growth and development of the vine. The plants were grown on bamboo trail. The experiment was laid out in a Partial Lattice Design with three replications. Each replication was single row of three plants per accession. A basal doses of fertilizer consisting of 5 kg cow dung, 150g triple super phosphate and 100g murate of potash were applied in each pit. The recommended cultural practices were followed to have a better crop. Data were recorded on three plants per accession from each replication. The observations were recorded on 20 qualitative and 15 quantitative characters. Range, mean and coefficient of variations were measured. Divergence analysis was performed by Genstat 5 (fifth edition) program and the accessions were grouped into seven clusters. Intra and inter cluster distance, cluster mean and the relative contribution of each character to the total divergence were studied. The accessions collected from various sources are evaluated according to descriptors standard by AVRDC.

Source of Information: ANNUAL RESEARCH REPORT OF PLANT GENETIC RESOURCES CENTRE-2003-04

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. Government	Budget: TK. 10,000
2.	Budget: TK. 10,000

Total Budget (Tk.) : TK. 10,000

Achievement/Findings:

Variations were found among the different qualitative characters in hyacinth bean. Days to first flowering, edible pod stage and first fruit maturity were found from 50 to 135 days, 78 to 160 days and 94 to 173 days, respectively. On average, leaf length, leaf width, rachis length and peduncle length were 7.65, 6.84, 11.18 and 21.54 cm, respectively. The accessions produced 3 to 10 flowers per rachis and 2 to 10 pods per cluster. Edible pod length and wide were 4.74 to 16.98 cm and 0.99 to 4.10 cm, respectively. Number of pods per plant was 190 to 1918 and seeds per pod was 3 to 6. The accessions exhibited 13.97 to 56.88 g of hundred seed weight. The 156 accessions were grouped into seven cluster using D2 value. The value of intra-cluster distance of hyacinth bean ranged from 0.959 (cluster II) to 1.292 (cluster VII). The maximum inter-cluster distance (24.42) was found between clusters II and VI followed by clusters II and VII (20.91) and the minimum distance between clusters I and V (3.75). The accessions obtained from 10 districts like Chittagong, Cox’s Bazar, Gazipur, Jamalpur, Kushtia, Natore, Pabna, Rajshahi, Rangamati, and Sherpur aggregated in cluster V. The general tendency of the accessions occurring in clusters and cutting across the district boundaries indicated that there was no strict relationship between geographic and genetic diversity. The cluster analysis of hyacinth bean were also confirmed by principal component analysis. The crosses between the accessions of cluster I crossed with the accessions of cluster II would exhibit maximum heterosis and produce new recombinants with desired traits in hyacinth bean. The seeds are conserved in active (4 to 60C) and base collection ( -18 to -220C). The major germplasm users were plant breeder, horticulturist, researchers, MS and PhD students of different universities, etc.

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