M. S. Hoq
Scientific Officer
Agricultural Economics Division, BARI, Gazipur
Tanvir M. B. Hossain
Senior Scientific Officer
Agricultural Economics Division, BARI, Gazipur
M. A. Matin
Principal Scientific Officer
Agricultural Economics Division, BARI, Gazipur
S. Hossain
Chief Scientific Officer
Agricultural Economics Division, BARI, Gazipur
The study was conducted mainly two districts Comilla and Jessore to examine the marketing chain, marketing cost and margin, problems and some probable solutions. Four major winter vegetables namely cabbage, cauliflower, tomato and brinjal and a total of 184 respondents were selected for the present study. Seven marketing chain were identified as a dominant. About 39.60% percent product runs through this chain. In tomato marketing local traders, bepari, retailer (urban) and retailer (rural) incurred highest marketing cost than others selected vegetables which were average Tk.65.75, Tk.248.47, Tk.205.69 and Tk.78.21 respectively. In case of farmers, local traders (faria) and bepari transportation cost is the highest. The marketing cost was highest in case of bepari which were estimated Tk.212.74 for cabbage, Tk.219.87 for cauliflower, Tk.248.47 for tomato and Tk.208.40 for brinjal and the marketing margin was highest in case of retailer (urban) which were estimated Tk.108.52 for cabbage, Tk.130.09 for cauliflower, Tk. 397.24 for tomato and Tk.286.31 for brinjal. Inadequate storage facilities, dominance of intermediaries were the major marketing problem identified by the farmers. Unstable price, barrier to entry in the terminal market, spoilage and damage were the major marketing problem faced by the different intermediaries.
Marketing cost, marketing margin, marketing channel, intermediaries
Comilla and Jessore districts
i. To identify the major marketing chain of winter vegetables,
ii. To estimate marketing cost and margin at different levels of intermediaries,
iii. To identify the major marketing problems and their solutions.
Selection of Sample
Four major winter vegetables namely cabbage, cauliflower, tomato and brinjal were selected for the present study. The study was conducted in two districts namely Comilla and Jessore of Bangladesh on the basis of intensive growing area of selected vegetables. Major consuming area was selected Farmgate in Dhaka city. A total of 184 respondents consisting of 40 vegetable growers and 144 vegetable traders were selected as a sample size in two areas for the present study. Out of 40 vegetables grower taking 20 from each district and out of 144 vegetable traders taking 72 from each district were purposively selected for the present study. As a sample size 5 farmers, 4 local traders (faria), 4 bepari, 4 arathdar and 6 retailer (3 rural+ 3 urban) for each vegetable of each area were selected thus the total sample size of 20 farmers, 16 farias, 16 beparis, 16 arathdars and 24 retailers were selected for each area. So the two areas were constituted 40 farmers, 32 farias, 32 beparis, 32 arathdars and 48 retailers as a total sample size.
Analytical Technique
Marketing Margin
Marketing margin included marketing cost and profit or loss of all intermediaries in the marketing chain. For determining marketing margin of any commodity, the following formula was used:
GMij = PRij-PPij
Where,
GMij = Gross Margin (Tk/quintal) for ith intermediary of jth vegetables
PRij = Price Received (Tk/quintal) for ith intermediary of jth vegetables
PPij = Price paid (Tk/quintal) by ith intermediary of jth vegetables
NMij = GMij-MCij
Where,
NMij = Net margin (Tk/quintal) for ith intermediary of jth vegetables
MCij = Marketing cost incurred (Tk/quintal) by ith intermediary of jth vegetables.
Annual Research Report 2011-2012, Agricultural Economics Division, BARI, Gazipur
On the basis of the intermediaries seven marketing chain were identified as a dominant. The chain Farmer→Local Traders (Faria) → Bepari→ Aratdar (urban) →Retailer (urban) →Consumer was identified as most dominant. About 39.60% percent product runs through this chain. About 60% farmer used van to carry the vegetables to the market.The average marketing cost of cabbage, cauliflower, tomato and brinjal were Tk.212.74, Tk.219.87, Tk.248.47 and Tk.208.40 per quintal respectively. The average marketing cost of tomato was highest than other selected vegetables due to it perishable nature. In case of farmers, local traders (faria) and bepari transportation cost is the highest. Commission charge was highest in case of retailer(urban) and spoilage & damage cost was highest in case of retailer(rural).The marketing cost was highest in case of bepari which were estimated Tk.212.74 for cabbage, Tk.219.87 for cauliflower, Tk.248.47 for tomato and Tk.208.40 for brinjal and the marketing margin was highest in case of retailer (urban) which were estimated Tk.108.52 for cabbage,Tk.130.09 for cauliflower, Tk. 397.24 for tomato and Tk.286.31 for brinjal. Net margin is highest for retailer (urban) in case of cabbage,cauliflower and tomato marketing. Inadequate storage facilities, dominance of intermediaries were the major marketing problem identified by the farmers. Unstable price, barrier to entry in the terminal market, delay on ferryghat, spoilage and damage were the major marketing problem faced by the different intermediaries. The study suggested to improve the storage facilities and establishment of organization to solve marketing problem of the farmers. Easy access of vegetables carrying vehicle in the terminal market, arrangement of separate cargo ferry would reduce the spoilage and damage of vegetables in the trader’s level.
Report/Proceedings