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Response of Garlic to Drought Stress at Different Growth Stage

M. S. Alom
PSO
Agronomy Division, Gazipur

M. I. Haque
SO
RARS, Ishurdi, Pabna

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A field experiment was conducted at Joydebpur and Ishurdi of the Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute Farm during the rabi season of 2012-2013 to evaluate drought stress effect on different growth stages of garlic varieties. Twelve treatments comprised of four drought imposed (D₀=no drought, D₁= drought at 35 DAE, D₂= drought at 55 DAE and D₃= drought at 75 DAE) and three varieties of garlic (V₁=BARI Rasun-1, V₂= BARI Rasun 2 and V₃=BAU Rasun 1). But V₃ =BAU Rasun-1 did not include at Ishurdi location. Drought stress showed significant influence on growth, yield contributing characters and bulb yield. The maximum plant height, higher leaf area index (LAI) and total dry matter (TDM) were observed in no drought treatment compared to other treatments which reflected on bulb yield of garlic varieties. The highest bulb yield (6.48 t/ha) was obtained from no drought treatment and the lowest (2.88 t/ha) in drought stress at 35 DAE (4-leaf stage) among the drought treatments at Joydebpur. Among the varieties BARI Rasun-2 gave maximum bulb yield (5.04 t/ha at Joydebpur) and it was identical with BARI Rasun-1. The lowest yield (3.39 t/ha at Joydebpur) was observed in BAU Rasun-1. It was remarkable that BARI Rasun-2 gave significantly the highest yield (7.92 t/ha at Joydebpur and 11.56 t/ha at Ishurdi) in no drought condition among the treatment combinations. Reduction of bulb yield was observed 29.52 to 71.72% at Joydebpur and 44.68-64.01% at Ishurdi in different varieties under different drought condition.

Keywords: Response, Garlic, Drought stress, Growth stage

Location: Joydebpur and RARS, Ishurdi

Start Date: 24-11-2012

End Date: 08-04-2013

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Garlic

Objectives:

To find out critical growth stage of different varieties of garlic to drought
To evaluate response of physiological parameters to drought.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted at the research field at Joydebpur, and Ishurdi of the Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute during rabi season of 2012-2013.Treatments consisted of four drought imposed (D₀=no drought, D₁= drought at 35 DAE, D₂= drought at 55 DAE and D₃= drought at 75 DAE and three varieties of garlic (V₁=BARI Rasun-1, V₂= BARI Rasun-2 and V₃=BAU Rasun-1) at Joydebpur and two varieties (V₁ =BARI Rasun-1, and V₂= BARI Rasun-2) at Ishurdi laid out in a randomized complete block design (Factorial) with three replications. Drought had been imposed by withdrawing of irrigation water till wilting system appears and then reirrigated. No rainfall occurred during drought imposing periods at Joydebpur but only 27.00 mm at Ishurdi. The unit plot size was 3.0m x 1.5m. The spacing used was 10 cm x 15 cm using single clove per hill. Two pretreatment irrigations were given initially prior to imposing the treatments to enable the stands to be well established. Garlic cloves were sown on 24, November 2012 at Joydebpur and 19 November-2012 at Ishurdi. Fertilizers were applied at the rate of 100-152-165-20-4 kg/ha NPKSZn as urea, triple super phosphate (TSP), muriate of potash (MOP), gypsum and zing sulphate. Cowdung was applied at the rate of 5 t/ha. Half of N and all other fertilizers were applied at final land preparation. Remaining of N was applied as top-dressed at 25 and 50 DAE. Weeding and other intercultural operations were done as and when necessary. Growth parameters were meeaured at Joydebpur location only. Three plants per plot were sampled at different growth stages for recording growth parameters. Leaf area was measured with an automatic leaf area meter (L13100C, LI-COR, USA). The plant materials were dried in an oven at 80⁰C for 72 hours and dry weight was recorded. Garlic was harvested on 25-03-2013. at Joydebpur and 3-8 April 2013 at Ishurdi. The yield component data were collected from 5 randomly selected plants prior to harvest from each plot. At harvest, the yield data were recorded plot wise and analyzed statistically.

Source of Information: Annual Report, Agronomy Division 2012-2013

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. Asian Development Bank

Budget: 30,000/-

Total Budget (Tk.) : 30,000/-

Achievement/Findings:

The highest bulb yield (6.48 t/ha) was obtained from no drought treatment and the lowest (2.88 t/ha) in drought stress at 35 DAE (4-leaf stage) among the drought treatments at Joydebpur. Among the varieties BARI Rasun-2 gave maximum bulb yield (5.04 t/ha at Joydebpur) and it was identical with BARI Rasun-1. The lowest yield (3.39 t/ha at Joydebpur) was observed in BAU Rasun-1. Drought imposed at 35 DAE (4-leaf stage) is the most susceptible growth stage of garlic which reduced yield by 46.83-71.72% at Joydebpur and 44.68 – 64.01% at Ishurdi in garlic varieties. Among the varieties BARI Rasun-2 was found to produce better yield under drought and normal conditions at both the locations.

Knowledge Management: Report/Proceedings