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Effect of Different Sources of Arbuscular Mycorrhiza on the Performance of Chilli Seedlings

M.A. Satter
Senior Scientific Officer (Ex.)
Soil Science Division, BARI, Joydebpur, Gazipur-1701Bangladesh.

D. Khanam
Principal Scientific Officer (Ex.)
Soil Science Division, BARI, Joydebpur, Gazipur-1701Bangladesh.

M.M. Rahman
Scientific Officer (Ex.)
Soil Science Division, BARI, Joydebpur, Gazipur-1701Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A pot study on the effect of different sources of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi on chilli seedlings was conducted in the net house of Soil Science Division, BARI, Gazipur during the fourth week of April to first week of June, 2003. One kg of silted (sandy clay loam) soils from the bank of Turag river at Kodda, Gazipur mixed with cow dung at 5:1 ratio was used pot-1 as the potting media. The AM fungi collected from Jamalpur, Joydebpur, Ishurdi and Hathazari, their mixture and an Exotic source were studied along with Control. Soil based AM inoculum was used at the rate of 50 g pot^-1. Growth, biomass yield and nutrient uptake of inoculated seedlings were significantly higher than those of uninoculated seedlings. All the local AM inoculum sources were found almost equivalent and better than the exotic source in respect of biomass production and nutrient uptake. Inoculation with AM fungi helped to produce healthy and vigorous seedlings with faster growth. The AM inoculated seedlings performed better in the field since the fungi could be carried over to the field through the colonized roots.

Keywords: Chilli, arbuscular mycorrhiza, root colonization, spore population, nutrient uptake

Location: Joydebpur

Start Date: 01-11-2002

End Date: 00-06-2003

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Chilli

Objectives:

To observe the effect of different sources of AM fungi on the performance of chilli seedlings
To identify better source(s) of AM fungi for producing chilli seedlings
To produce chilli seedlings with AM colonization

Methodology:

A pot study on the effect of different sources of AM fungi on chilli seedlings was conducted in the net house of Soil Science Division, BARI, Gazipur during the fourth week of April to first week of June, 2003. The silted soils mixed with cowdung at 5 : 1 ratio was used as the potting media. The mixture was sterilized with 10 percent formaldehyde solution to inactivate the native AM fungi. One kg of this sterilized mixture was used per pot as the potting media. The experiment was laid out in RCBD with four replications. Effect of AM fungi collected from Jamalpur, Joydebpur, Ishurdi and Hathazari, their mixture and an Exotic source (from India) were studied along with a Control. Perforated black polythene bag was used as the pot. A hole of 6cm in diameter and 5cm in depth was dug at the center of the potting media. The soil based AM inoculum at the rate of 50g pot^-1 containing 105 to 120 spores 100g^-1 inoculum. A soil layer of about 1cm was spread on the inoculum layer. Chilli seeds were sown in the soil layer above the inoculum to ensure penetration of the roots through the inoculum layer immediately after germination. Biomass yield and yield components of seedlings were recorded on the day of harvesting. Collar diameter was measured with a slide calipers 1cm above the soil layer. The seedlings were harvested carefully by uprooting at the age of 44 DAS. Root samples were excised for AM colonization studies. Fresh weight of the seedlings was recorded. The dried plant samples were ground and used for chemical analysis. The spore numbers were determined by Wet Sieving and Decanting method. To assess AM root colonization, the roots were processed and observed under a compound microscope.

Source of Information: 01. Annual Research Report. 2002-2003, Soil Science Division, BARI, Gazipur 02. Ten Years Soil Science Research Activities & Future Strategies. 2007, Soil Science Division, BARI, Gazipur

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. Government

Budget: 10,000/-  1 = 10,000/-

Total Budget (Tk.) : 10,000/-  1 = 10,000/-

Achievement/Findings:

Performance of seedlings Biomass yield and yield components of the inoculated chilli seedlings were significantly higher than uninoculated seedlings irrespective of the inoculum sources. The local AM inoculum sources and their mixture produced identical number of leaves per plant, collar diameter and fresh and dry weights of chilli seedlings, which were significantly higher than those with the exotic source and control. Seedling height was found highest with inoculum source from Hathazari. Mycorrhizal Development Root colonization by AM fungi from local sources was found identical, which was superior to that from the exotic source. There was also some root colonization in the control plants with native AM fungi. A significant positive linear relationship between the AM root colonization and biomass yield of chilli seedlings was observed. Nutrient uptake Uptake of almost all the major nutrients by chilli seedlings inoculated with local sources was significantly higher than those with exotic source and control. From the results it is evident that AM fungi have the potential to improve uptake of all the nutrients and thereby to enhance faster growth of chilli seedlings. All the local AM inoculum sources were found almost equivalent and better than the exotic source in respect of biomass production and nutrient uptake.

Knowledge Management: Report/Proceedings