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Identification of Donor and Genetic Diversity of Land Races of Rice Under Drought Stress at Reproductive Stage

M. S. Pervin
Senior Scientific Officer
Plant Physiology Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Gazipur-1701

Dr. J. K. Biswas
Director (Admin and common service)
Bangladesh Rice Research InstituteGazipur-1701

H. R. Pramanik
Professor
Crop Botany Department, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensing.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Crop experiences drought stress at reproductive stage.The D² values ranged from 0.182 to 3.937 and PCA scores also indicated a high degree of genetic diversity among the genotypes. On the basis of D² analysis, 154 genotypes of rice were grouped into ten clusters. Maximum number of genotypes (27) were included in cluster X and cluster VI included the minimum number of genotypes (3).Cluster I had the most tolerant genotypes possess the lowest mean value for PACA (3.62) and sterility percentage (40.03). This group had the highest average in comparison with the other groups considering many traits such as tiller number per plant (12.13), panicle number per plant (21.88), filled grain number per plant (548.12), filled grain weight per plant (10.28), straw weight per plant (10.83) and HI (0.44).Genotypes of cluster VI were sensitive to drought stress possess highest PACA score (8.67) and unfilled grain per plant. In respect of filled grain weight per plant and 1000 grain weight it had the lowest average value. Percent sterility was also more than 50% in this cluster. The inter-cluster distances was larger than intra-cluster distances in all of the cases suggesting wider genetic diversity among the test entries of different cluster but very similar within the cluster.

Keywords: Rice, Donor, Land race, Tolerant, Reproductive stage, Genetic diversity etc.

Location: BRRI farm, Plant Physiology Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Gazipur-1701

Start Date: 01-07-2010

End Date: 30-06-2011

Program Area: Risk Management in Agriculture

Commodity: Rice

Objectives:

To study the genetic diversity of land races as well as to identify drought tolerant donor under drought stress at reproductive stage.

Methodology:

One hundred and forty eight local varieties collected from north-western region of Bangladesh along with BRRI dhan33, BRRI dhan39, IR64, APO, Swarna and Guti-Swarna were used in this study. Field -managed screening protocol was followed (IRRI, 2008). In this activity stress was initiated 4 weeks after transplanting and field were drained properly for not allowing any standing water until maturity. The experiment was laid out in Alpha lattice design with two replications. The soil moisture was determined at 5 days interval. Data on phenotypic acceptance (PACP), growth duration, plant height, tiller number per plant, panicle number per plant, panicle length, filled grain number per plant, unfilled grain number per plant, sterility percentage, grain fertility percentage, filled grain weight per plant, 1000 grain weight, straw weight per plant and HI were recorded from ten randomly selected plants from each plot. Mean data of each character were subjected to multivariate analysis.

Source of Information: Proceedings of BRRI Annual Internal Review for 2010-2011

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. Government

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Flowering of the tested genotypes started from 2nd November to 3rd week of November except Swarna and Guti swarna which flowered at 1st week of December. So, during booting to flowering crop did not receive any rain water except 1 mm rainfall was occurred on 1st and 2nd November. And during reproductive stage soil moisture of experimental plot was below 20%. Consequently crop experiences drought stress at reproductive stage.The D2 values ranged from 0.182 to 3.937 and PCA scores also indicated a high degree of genetic diversity among the genotypes. On the basis of D²analysis, 154 genotypes of rice were grouped into ten clusters. Maximum number of genotypes (27) were included in cluster X followed by cluster VIII (23).Cluster VI included the minimum number of genotypes (3). Cluster I, II, III, IV, V, VII and IX included 8, 8, 19, 19, 12, 20 and 15 genotypes respectively. Differences in cluster mean existed for all the characters studied. In this study, cluster I had the most tolerant genotypes possess the lowest mean value for PACA (3.62) and sterility percentage (40.03). This group had the highest average in comparison with the other groups considering many traits such as tiller number per plant (12.13), panicle number per plant (21.88), filled grain number per plant (548.12), filled grain weight per plant (10.28), straw weight per plant (10.83) and HI (0.44). The mean value of panicle number per plant (11.25) and grain fertility percentage (58.5) were also within desirable range. Similarly, the genotypes of cluster III showed better performance than other groups. Considering traits such as grain fertility percentage (59.17), and HI (0.44) this cluster had the highest average among all cluster and with regard to unfilled grain (280.74) it had the lowest average. In contrast to I and III, cluster VI had the highest PACA score (8.67) and unfilled grain per plant. In respect of filled grain weight per plant and 1000 grain weight it had the lowest average value. Percent sterility was also more than 50% in this cluster. So the genotypes of cluster VI were sensitive to drought stress. The inter-cluster distances were higher than the intra-cluster distances in all of the cases reflecting wider diversity among the genotypes of the distant group. The inta-cluster distances were low for all the 10 clusters with the range 0.6094 in cluster VII and 1.0196 in cluster VI that indicated the homogeneous nature of the genotypes within the clusters. Regarding inter-cluster distance, cluster I showed maximum genetic distance (14.292) from cluster VI followed by the distance between cluster III and VI (13.129), cluster I and VIII (12.682), cluster I and VII (11.293) and cluster I and X (11.244) suggesting diversity between them and the genotypes in these cluster could be used as parents in hybridization program. Cluster IV had minimum D2 value (2.790) with cluster V indicating the genotypes in these clusters to be close in genetic make-up. Intermediate or moderate inter-cluster divergence was observed between cluster I and IV, cluster II and VIII and cluster VI and VII. Within a certain limit, hybridization between the more diverged parents is expected to generate wide range of variability in segregation generations. However, maximum heterosis is generally expressed through crossing between moderately diverged parents.

Knowledge Management: Report/Proceedings