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Effect of Arbuscular Mycorrhiza on Germination of Chilli and Brinjal Seeds

M.A. Satter
Senior Scientific Officer (Ex.)
Soil Science Division, BARI, Joydebpur, Gazipur-1701Bangladesh.

D. Khanam
Principal Scientific Officer (Ex.)
Soil Science Division, BARI, Joydebpur, Gazipur-1701Bangladesh.

A.K. Eusuf Zai
Scientific Officer (Ex.)
Soil Science Division, BARI Joydebpur, Gazipur-1701Bangladesh.

A.T.M. Farid
Chief Scientific Officer (Ex.)
Soil Science Division, BARI, Joydebpur, Gazipur-1701Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A pot experiment on the effect of arbuscular mycorrhiza on germination of chilli and brinjal seeds was conducted in the net house of Soil Science Division of BARI, Gazipur during the early kharif season during 2003 and 2004. Sandy clay loam soils were mixed with cowdung at 5:1 ratio was used as the potting media. Germination of chilli and brinjal seeds was tested (i) With AM and (ii) Without AM inoculation. Germination was improved almost equally by 8 to 10 percent for both the crops in the first year and by 14 percent for chilli and only 3 percent for brinjal in the second year. Inoculation with AM enhanced germination. The AM inoculation was also found to reduce seedling mortality by damping off disease. Such improvement in seed germination and survival of seedlings would reduce the cost of seedling production. Since similar results were obtained for chilli.

Keywords: Rhizosphere soils, Fruit plants, Root colonization, Spore numbers

Location: Joydebpur

Start Date: 01-11-2003

End Date: 30-06-2004

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Bio fertilizer

Objectives:

To observe the effect of AM fungi on germination of chilli and brinjal seeds.

Methodology:

A pot experiment on the effect of arbuscular mycorrhiza on germination of chilli and brinjal seeds was conducted in the net house of Soil Science Division of BARI, Gazipur during the early kharif season for two consecutive years, 2003 and 2004. In the first year the experiment was conducted during the first week to fourth week of May 2003 and in the second year during the third week of April to first week of May 2004. Silted (sandy clay loam) soils from the bank of Turag river at Koodda, Gazipur was used in this experiment in both the years. The soil was mixed with cowdung at 5 : 1 ratio and sterilized by autoclaving. One kg of this sterilized mixture was used per pot. The physical and chemical properties of the soil are presented. The organic matter, major nutrients and zinc and copper contents of the soil were low, while the iron and manganese levels were quite high. Germination of chilli and brinjal seeds was tested (i) With AM and (2) Without AM inoculation with five replications in the first year and ten replications in the second year for both the crops. The crop varieties were Bangla Lanka-1 for chilli and Kajla for brinjal. Fifty numbers of healthy seeds were used per pot for both the crops in the first year and 25 numbers of seeds were used per pot in the second year. A layer of soil based AM inoculum containing 120 spores 100g^-1 inoculum along with infected root pieces was used at the rate of 150 g pot^-1. The seeds were sown in the inoculum layer. A thin layer of the potting media was spread on the inoculum layer. Moisture content of the media was maintained at ‘Jo’ condition throughout the study.

Source of Information: 01. Annual Research Report. 2003-04, Soil Science Division, BARI, Gazipur

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. Government

Budget: 5,000/-3= 15,000/-

Total Budget (Tk.) : 5,000/-3= 15,000/-

Achievement/Findings:

The AM fungi were found positive effect on seed germination. The effect was on total germination and also on rate of germination. Germination was improved equally (9 to10 percent) in the first year. While in the second year germination of chilli was improved by 14 percent and that of brinjal by only 3 percent. Germination started at the 4th DAS irrespective of AM inoculation and completed one week earlier in the inoculated treatment compared to uninoculated ones. In the first year cumulative germination percentage (CGP) of AM inoculated chilli seeds reached at the highest level (68 percent) within 12 DAS. Brinjal seeds also followed almost similar time schedule for germination though their total CGP was much higher than chilli seeds. For the AM inoculated brinjal seeds, the highest CGP (91 percent) was attained within 12th DAS. In the second year CGP of both the inoculated (80 percent) and uninoculated (66 percent) chilli seeds reached at the highest value at the 11th DAS. Effect on Seedling Mortality Some seedlings were found to die with damping off disease in spite of using sterilized potting media and not inoculating with the pathogenic fungi. The potting media might not be completely free from the pathogenic fungi even after sterilizing by autoclaving. Mortality of chilli seedlings was higher (2 to 7 percent) than that of brinjal seedlings (<1 to 4 percent). The AM fungi were found to have positive effect in reducing mortality. Mortality of chilli seedlings was reduced by 4 to 5 percent and that of brinjal seedlings by 2 percent with AM inoculation. AM fungi have effect on germination. Germination was improved equally by 3 to 14 percent. Inoculation with AM also enhanced faster germination. The AM inoculation was also found to reduce seedling mortality by damping off disease.

Knowledge Management: Report/Proceedings