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Chemical Weed Control in Wet - Seeded Rice

G. J. U Ahmed
Principle Scientific Officer
Bangladesh Rice Research Institute

M. N. Bari
Assistant Professor
BSMRAU, Gazipur

M. S. Kabir
Scientific Officer
Bangladesh Rice Research Institute

S. T. Hossain
Scientific Officer
Bangladesh Rice Research Institute

M. B. Rahman
Senior Scientific Officer
Bangladesh Rice Research Institute

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The study was conducted to observe the efficiency of three herbicides in controlling weeds in wet-seeded rice in Aus season (March to June), 1996 and repeated in Aman season (July to November), 1997 at BRRI farm, Gazipur. The treatments were (i) Cinosulfuron @ 20g a.i./ha, (ii) Oxadiazon @ 50g a.i./ha, (iii) Butachlor @ lkg a.i./ha, (iv) Hand weeding (2 times), and (v) No weeding (control). Oxadiazon and Cinosulfuron applications controlled weeds effectively in both Aus and Aman seasons. These herbicides resulted grain yield comparable to hand weeding and also incurred lower costs. So Oxadiazon @ SOg a.i./ha and Cinosulfuron @ 20g a.i./ha may, therefore, be recommended for effective and economical weed control for wet-seeded rice in Aus and Aman seasons.

Keywords: weed control, Aus and Aman seasons, Hand weeding

Location: BRRI farm, Gazipur.

Start Date: 00-00-1995

End Date: 00-00-1997

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Chemical weed management

Objectives:

To observe the performance of (i) Cinosulfuron; 3- (4,6-dimethoxy-l, 3,5-triazin-2-yl) - [2-(2- methoxyethoxy) -phenylsulfonyl-urea, (ii) Oxadiazon; 3-[2. 4-dichloro-5- (methylethoxy) phenyle, and (iii) Butachlor; N- (Butoxymethyl)-2- Chloro-2', 6' diethylacetanilide] herbicides in controlling weeds in wet-seeded low land rice.

Methodology:

In 1995 Aus season, three herbicides Cinosulfuron, Oxadiazon and Butachlor were tested along with hand weeding (HW) at BRRI farm, Gazipur. The soil was heavy textured and slightly acidic (pH 6.8). The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block design with four replications. The unit plot size was 5 m x 3 m. Brridhan 26, a modem variety, was used as test crop in the experiment. The land was prepared thoroughly by power tiller. Fertilizers N, P₂0₅, K₂0 and S were applied @80-60- 40-10 kg/ha, respectively. The pre-germinated seeds were broadcast on puddled soil at the rate of 50 kg/ha.

Herbicides were applied 6 days after seeding (DAS). The treatments were (i) Cinosulfuron @ 20g a.i./ha, (ii) Oxadiazon @ 50g a.i./ha, (iii) Butachlor @ lkg a.i./ha (iv) Hand weeding (2 times), and (v) No weeding (control). The experiment was repeated in the Arnan season, 1997 with test variety Brridhan 31. Data were collected on (i) Weed population and biomass weight, (ii) Weed control efficiency, (iii) Leaf area index (LAI) , (iv) Plant height and tiller number of crop, (v) Yield component, and (iv) Grain and straw yield. The results thus obtained were statistically analyzed using IRRISTAT software. The costs incurred in each weed control treatment were also determined.

Source of Information: Journal of Agricultural Education and Technology.l (2): 75- 80, December 1998

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. Government

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The predominant weed species obsearved in the experimental fields in Aus and Aman seasons were Echinochloa crusgalli, Paspalum scrobiculatum, Cyperus iria, Cyperus difformis, Fimbristylis miliacea, Sphenochloea zelyanica, Monochoria vaginalis and Scirpus maritimus.

In 1996 Aus season, Cinosulfuron and Oxadiazon 25 EC and the two hand weeded plot were similar in respect of weed population but were significantly lower than Butachlor treated and no weeded plot. Weed weight observed in the hand weeded plot was the lowest but comparable to Oxadiazon and Cinosulfuron treatment Butachlor treated plot gave the lowest grain yield as compared to other herbicides. The high grain yields of the Cinosulfuron and Oxadiazon treated plots were due to the higher number of panicles/m' and filled grains/ panicle. In Arnan season, 1997 similar result was obtained for Cinosulfuron, Oxadiazon and two hand weeding treatments. Unwedded plots produced the lowest grain yield in both the seasons. Costs of weed control Cinosulfuron treatment incurred the lowest weed control costs (TK. 1250/- in Aus and Tk. 1280/- in Arnan season) followed by Oxadiazon (Tk. 1400/- in Aus and Tk. 1450/- in Arnan season; Tk 46=US$I). Two hand weeded plots incurred the highest weed control costs in both Aus and Arnan seasons. Butachlor treatment gave higher costs than the other two herbicides in both the seasons. Considering costs involved Cinosulfuron and Oxadiazon were found cheaper than Butachlor. The experiment revealed that Cinosulfuron and Oxadiazon controlled grass and sedge weeds as effectively as hand weeding in both Aus and Arnan seasons. No phytotoxicity effect of herbicides on rice plants was observed, visually. Cinosulfuron and Oxadiazon treatments resulted in a similar leaf area index to the hand weeding treatment, which indicated the normal growth of the plant. Cinosulfuron and Oxadiazon also gave comparable grain yield to hand weeding due to effective weed control as hand weeding in both Aus and Aman season. Butachlor was not comparable to hand weeding in controlling weed, moreover it showed adverse effect on plant growth. On the other hand, Cinosulfuron and Oxadiazon application were cheaper than hand weeding and Butachlor. These two herbicides can reduce the cost of weeding in wet-seeded rice. In terms of efficiency and economy of weed control grain yield, Oxadiazon @ 50 g a.i./ha and Cinosulfuron @ 20 g a.i./ha might be considered useful and remunerative for weed management in wet-seeded rice cultivation.

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