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Salinity Induced Changes in Growth and Ion Uptake of Selected Cowpea Genotypes

A.K.M.M.Rahman
SO
Agronomy Division, Gazipur

M.A.Aziz
PSO
Agronomy Division, Gazipur

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Five selected genotypes viz. cowpea (BD-1604, BD-8337, BD-8338, BD-8345 and BD-8346) along with BARI Felon-1 were tested for their salt tolerance at different salinity levels viz, 0, 5, 10 and 15 dS m^-1of NaCl, in vinyl house of Agronomy Division, BARI, Gazipur during 2010-11. Results indicated that growth decreased by increasing soil salinity. Selected lines varied greatly with respect to root and shoot dry weight, plant height under different salinity. After 45 DAS, the tallest plant was observed in BD-1604 at 15 dS m^-1. Under saline condition, highest shoot dry weight was found in BD-1604 and it was lowest in BARI Felon-1. Root dry weight followed the same trend as shoot dry weight. Na+ content was found minimum in BD-1604 and maximum in BARI Felon-1. K⁺ contents in genotype BD-1604 was maximum than other genotypes. Ca²⁺ contents in plant decreased with the increase in salinity levels (0-15 dS m^-1). The Cl^-1 contents in the shoot increased with increasing in salinity level from 0-15 dS m^-1. In respect to growth and ion accumulation, all the selected genotypes except BARI Felon-1 showed salt-tolerance. Selected cowpea genotypes performed in Hoagland solution culture showed consistent results with that under pot culture. Among the genotypes, BD-1604 performed better as salt tolerant genotype.

Keywords: Salinity, Growth, Ion uptake, Cowpea genotypes

Location: Joydebpur, Gazipur

Start Date: 00-00-2010

End Date: 00-00-2011

Program Area: Risk Management in Agriculture

Commodity: Cowpea

Objectives:

To find out the effect of salinity levels on plant growth and nutrient accumulation in plants of selected genotypes of cowpea .

Methodology:

The experiment was carried out in plastic pots under vinyl house of Agronomy Division at Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Joydebpur, Gazipur during late Rabi season of 2010-2011. Five selected cowpea genotypes viz. BD-1604, BD-8337, BD-8338, BD-8345 and BD-8346) out of 20 genotypes screened in laboratory under Hoagland nutrient solution culture along with BARI Felon-1 tested in the study at 0, 5, 10 and 15 dS/m of salinity. Pots were filled with soil and cow dung in 4: 1 volume ratio and final wt. of pot was 13kg. Soil used for the experiment was collected from the ploughed agriculture field. The salinity of the soil used in the present study gave an electrical conductivity (0.75 dS m^-1). The texture of the soil was sandy loam (sand 49.3%, silt 30.5% and clay 21.2%). Different salinity levels of 0, 5, 10, and 15 dS m^-1 were prepared by mixing required amount of NaCl salt in water. For achieving optimum salinity level, salt solution @ 2.5 dS m^-1was added in respective pot with 1 day interval until the exact level reached. Eight seeds of each cultivar were sown in each pot (76 cm on top dia., 74 cm on bottom dia. and 30cm on height) at a depth of 1cm. Thinning was carried out 10 days after sowing, leaving three plants in each pot. The pots used during the study had five small holes at the bottom. A randomized complete block design with three replications was used in the experiment.

Source of Information: Annual Report, Agronomy Division 2010-2011, BARI

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. Asian Development Bank

Budget: 20,000/-

Total Budget (Tk.) : 20,000/-

Achievement/Findings:

The present study confirms that at all salinity levels, the variation in plant growth, dry matter accumulation and ionic content could be better explored in determining the tolerance capacity of the cowpea cultivars. In view of its better ion uptake and higher salt tolerance all the selected genotypes viz, BD-1604, BD-8337, BD-8338, BD-8345 and BD-8346 performed better. Among the genotypes, BD-1604 was the best. So, BD-1604 can be used as a salt tolerant cultivar.

Knowledge Management: Report/Proceedings