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Adoption and Relative Profitability of Mustard Production in Bangladesh

M. A. Monayem Miah
Senior Scientific Officer
Agricultural Economics Division, BARI Joydebpur, Gazipur-1701

Quazi Mesbahul Alam
Chief Scientific Officer
Agricultural Economics Division, BARI Joydebpur, Gazipur-1701

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The study was conducted to assess the extent of technology adoption, relative profitability, and farmers’ attitude toward BARI Sarisha cultivation during April, 2008. Contrarily, the variety adoption scenario was discouraging since only 22% of the farmers cultivated BARI Sarisha. The yield of BARI Sarisha (1491 kg/ha) was significantly higher than that of local variety (979 kg/ha), but much lower than its potential yields (2250 kg/ha). The production of BARI Sarisha was found to be profitable, since the net profit and rate of return (BCR) were Tk.35,676/ha and 2.23 respectively. The farmers who cultivated BARI Sarisha received 58% higher net profit than local variety (Tori 7). Nevertheless, mustard production has comparative advantage rather than import as DRC value was 0.389. Farmers’ showed positive attitude toward mustard production, since nearly 78% of the adopters wanted to increase BARI Sarisha cultivation in the coming year. Although mustard was a profitable crop, many farmers showed negative attitude toward its production. They experienced different constraints to mustard production such as scarcity of fertilizers with its peak price, infestation of insects, and natural calamities. Moreover, the lack of HYV seed availability was also found to be a barrier to the adoption of improved mustard technologies.

Keywords: Adoption, Relative profitability, Mustard

Location: Tangail, Pabna, Kushtia, and Jessore

Start Date: 00-04-2008

End Date:

Program Area: Socio-economic and Policy

Commodity: Mustard

Objectives:

1. To know the level of adoption of BARI Sarisha technologies and identify factors affecting its adoption at farm level

2. To measure the relative profitability of BARI Sarisha production with major competing crops

3. To estimate the comparative advantage of mustard production in Bangladesh

4. To know farmers’ experience with and attitudes toward BARI Sarisha production.

Methodology:

In consultation with the extension personnel and local scientists worked in the Oilseed Research Centre of BARI, four mustard growing districts namely Tangail, Pabna, Kushtia, and Jessore were purposively selected for the present study. In each district one Upazila and from each Upazila two or three villages were selected for collecting farm level data and information from mustard growing farmers. For this purpose, a total of 220 nos. of BARI Sarisha cultivating farmers were randomly selected for interviewed. In order to compare the productivity and profitability of BARI mustard cultivation, data were also collected from randomly selected 120 local mustard cultivating farmers taking 30 farmers from each district. Field investigators under the direct supervision of the researchers collected field level primary data using a pre-tested interview schedule during April, 2008. Collected data were edited, summarized, tabulated and analyzed to fulfill the objectives of the study. Tabular method of analysis using statistical tools was mostly used in presenting the results of the study. The BARI Sarisha cultivating farmers were classified into three categories for determining the adoption level of technologies in terms of agronomic practices, time of operation and input use. The categories were developed based on the mean index of the farmer with respect to each technology. A higher index indicates a higher level of adoption, while a lower index indicates a lower level of adoption of a technology. Adoption level was categorized for mean index >100 as over use; (70-100) as high, (50-69) as medium, and <50 as low. Domestic resource cost (DRC) was estimated for evaluating the efficiency of production of mustard in relation to comparative advantage.

Source of Information: Annual Research Report, Agricultural Economics Division, BARI

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Among mustard growing farmers, only 22% farmers adopted improved mustard variety. The highest percentage of farmers in Tangail (72%) and Pabna (65%) cultivated mustard. It was found that BARI Sarisha 9 and BARI Sarisha 11 were the most highly adopted varieties by the farmers.The average costs of BARI Sarisha and local mustard production per hectare were Tk. 29,102 and Tk. 26,510 on full cost respectively.The average yield of HYV mustard is 1491 kg/ha, which was significantly higher (34.34%) than that of local variety (Tori-7).The average net return received from BARI Sarisha production was Tk.35,676/ha that was significantly higher than local mustard production. The average rates of return (BCR) from mustard production were 2.23 and 3.68 over full cost and variable cost implying that the mustard cultivation at farm level was highly profitable. Mustard production is not as profitable as the production of some competing crops like tomato, cauliflower, and cabbage.The estimated DRC for mustard is 0.389 implies that the production of mustard has the comparative advantage rather than import.The adopting farmers mentioned that they would expand their mustard areas for the next year because, mustard is a profitable crop (57.3%), its production requires less cost (37.3%) and produce higher yield (38.6%). About 52% farmers mentioned mustard as a short duration crop because they were able to cultivate Boro rice after harvesting of mustard. The lack of adequate technical know-how about mustard production and higher irrigation charges were also constrained some farmers to its higher production. The other important problems faced by some adopters were higher price of mustard seed, higher charge of power tiller, and low yield due to early harvest.

Knowledge Management: Report/Proceedings