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Effect of Plant Extract and Other Material on the Incidence of Purple Blotch and Seed Yield of Onion

A. U. Ahmed
PSO
Plant Pathology Division, BARI, Gazipur

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Trichodarma spore spray, spraying baking soda and onion bulb extract reduced disease up to some extent and yield was increased more than 50%. Highest seed yield (44.54 kg/ha) was obtained by spraying Trichodarma.The highest percent yield increase (67.63) was observed in Trichodarma spore sprayed plot.

Keywords: Plant Extract, Incidence, Purple Blotch, Yield, Onion

Location: Plant Pathology Division, BARI, Gazipur

Start Date: 00-00-2006

End Date: 00-00-2007

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Diseases

Objectives:

To find out an effective and environmentally friendly control measure for Purple Block disease in onion

Methodology:

A field experiment was conducted at BARI, Joydebpur during the season 2006-07 following randomized complete block design with 4 replications. A local variety of onion (Pubail) was used in this study. The sowing of onion bulb was done in 3 m x 2 m plots with a spacing of 30 cm between rows and 15 cm between bulbs within rows. Fertilizer application was done @ cowdung 10 t/ha, TSP 200 kg/ha, Zypsum 80 kg/ha, Borax 8 kg/ha and Zn 20 kg/ha before planting. While Urea and MP were applied @ 250 kg/ha and 150 kg/ha in two installments at 25 and 50 days of planting. Eight treatments, such as i) Neem leaf Extract, ii) Marigold flower and leaf Extract, iii) Onion Extract, iv) Garlic Extract, v) Detergent (Wheel powder), vi) Baking soda, vii) Trichoderma spore suspension were sprayed on plants in the field. In each replication, one plot was kept as control where plain water was sprayed. Preparation of spray materials Neem leaf Extract: One kg leaf was blended with 2 L of water. The mixture was filtered by a muslin cloth.. Marigold flower and leaf Extract: Same as Neem leaf. Onion Extract: Fifty gm onion bulb was cut into small pieces and blended with 1 L of water. Then the mixture was filtered by a muslin cloth. Then 50 gm detergent and 9 L water was added in 1 L extract. Garlic Extract: Garlic extract was prepared in same way as mentioned in case of onion extract. Detergent: Fifteen gm of Wheel powder was mixed with 4 L water. Baking Soda: Fifteen gm of Baking soda and 7.5 gm of detergent was mixed in 4 L of water. Trichoderma spore suspension: Pure culture of T. harzianum was grown on PDA medium in 90 cm diameter Petri plats were flooded with sterile distilled water. Then the flooded media surface was rubbed gently, suspension was filtered with muslin cloth. Spore was counted with the help of a hemoecytometer and final concentration was adjusted to 106 spore/ml. Five sprays were done at 10 days interval starting from the first appearance of the disease in the field. For assessment of disease severity, 25 flower stocks in each plot were taken and were rated on 0¬-4 scoring scale where O=healthy, I = 25% area infected, 2 = 50% area infected, 3 = 75% area infected and 4 = 100% area infected. Disease rating was done before every spray excepting the final one which was recorded 10 days after the last spray. After harvest data on seed yield was also recorded.

Source of Information: Annual report 2006-07,Plant Pathology Division, BARI, Gazipur

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Application of plant extract and other material as foliar spray reduced the disease severity and increased the seed yield in a very limited scale over control. The treatment effect was not significant over control. Among the 8 treatments, Trichodarma spore spray, spraying baking soda and onion bulb extract reduced disease up to some extent and yield was increased more than 50%. Highest seed yield (44.54 kg/ha) was obtained by spraying Trichodarma spore followed by baking soda spray and onion bulb extract spray. Lowest yield (14.42 kg/ha) was obtained from control plot. The highest percent yield increase (67.63) was observed in Trichodarma spore sprayed plot. Disease severity was very high in this cropping season. With this much disease pressure, application of plant extracts and other material is not effective. This is second year experiment. From the two years result the experiment should be dropped.

Knowledge Management: Report/Proceedings