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Economic Assessment of Onion and Garlic Under Zero Tillage and Traditional Methods of Cultivation in Major Growing Areas of Bangladesh

M.A. Haque
Senior Scientific Officer

M.A.M. Miah
Senior Scientific Officer

S. Hossain
Chief Scientific Officer

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The cost of onion cultivation was Tk 93517, Tk 87696 and Tk 72001 per hectare on full cost, variable cost and cash cost basis. The net return of onion cultivation was Tk 64236 per hectare. The benefit cost ratio was 1.68, 1.80 and 2.19 for full cost, variable cost and cash cost basis, respectively. The cost of garlic cultivation with tillage was Tk 65416, Tk 59803 and Tk 44768 per hectare and with out tillage it was Tk 64288, Tk 59294 and Tk 41348 per hectare on full cost, variable cost and cash cost basis. The yield of garlic with tillage was 6.15 metric ton and with out tillage it was 7.64 metric ton per hectare. The net return with tillage was Tk 56991 and net return with out tillage was Tk 100080 per hectare. Human labor, seed /seedling, manures, urea, TSP irrigation and insecticide for onion and garlic had positive effect on yield. Non-availability of HYV seed at proper time, lack of technical knowledge, high price and non- availability of fertilizer in time, infestation of insects and diseases, low market price and lack of appropriate storage facility were the major problems of onion and garlic cultivation.

Keywords: Onion, Garlic, Zero tillage, Traditional methods

Location: Notore,Magura,Rajshahi,Faridpur

Start Date: 01-09-2008

End Date: 30-07-2009

Program Area: Socio-economic and Policy

Commodity: Garlic, Onion

Objectives:

i. To identify the existing agronomic practices of onion and garlic cultivation

ii. To estimate the cost and returns from onion and garlic cultivation

iii. To measure the relative profitability of onion and garlic cultivation with major competing crops

iv. To find out the socio-economic constraints to its higher production.

Methodology:

Based on the area and production, the present study was conducted in Shalikha Upazila under Magura district, Nogarkanda Upazila under Faridpur district and Bagmara Upazila under Rajshahi district for onion and Shalikha Upazila under Mugara district and Shadorpur Upazila under Faridpur district for garlic (with tillage) and Gurudaspur Upazila under Nator district for garlic (zero tillage). From each Upazila one or two village (s) were selected for collecting cross sectional data and information from the sample farmers. A total of 150 onion farmers and 150 garlic farmers taking 50 farmers for each crop from each area were selected by random sampling technique for the study. Data was collected by survey method with the help of pre-designed and pre-tested interview schedule during the month of April and May, 2009. The collected data were edited, summarized, tabulated and analyzed to fulfill the objectives of the study. Tabular method of analysis using different statistical tools was used in presenting the results of the study. Profitability of onion and garlic production was examined on the basis of gross margin, net return and benefit cost analysis. Cob-Douglas production function was used to estimate the contribution of factors to onion and garlic yield.

Source of Information: Annual Research Report, Agricultural Economics Division, BARI

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The average cost of onion production were Tk 93517, Tk 87696 and Tk 72001 per hectare on total cost, total variable cost and total cash cost basis, respectively. The net return of onion cultivation was Tk 64236 per hectare. The benefit cost ratio was 1.68, 1.80 and 2.19 for total cost, variable cost and cash cost basis. The co-efficient of human labour, seedling, TSP and insecticides were positive and significant at 1%, 1% and 5% level, respectively. The highest net return was obtained by onion cultivation than mustard (32 %) and groundnut (50 %). The average cost of garlic production with tillage were Tk 65416, Tk 59803 and Tk 44768 per hectare on total cost, total variable cost and total cash cost basis, respectively. In case of zero tillage, the average cost of garlic production were Tk 64288, Tk 59294 and Tk 41348 per hectare on total cost, total variable cost and total cash cost basis, respectively. In tillage condition the average yield of garlic was found 6157 kg per hectare. The net return was Tk 56991 per hectare. The benefit cost ratio was found 1.87, 2.05 and 2.73 for total cost, variable cost and cash cost basis, respectively. In without tillage condition, the average yield was found 7645 kg /ha. On an average, gross return was Tk 164368/ha. The benefit cost ratio was found 2.56, 2.77 and 3.97 for total cost, variable cost and cash cost basis, respectively. The highest gross return and net return were obtained for garlic than mustard, groundnut and cabbage cultivation. Non-availability of HYV seed, lack of technical knowledge, high price and non- availability of fertilizer in time, infestation of insects and diseases, low market price and lack of storage facility were the major problems of Onion and garlic production.

Knowledge Management: Report/Proceedings