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Efficacy of New Fungicides in Controlling Anthracnose of Mango Fruits

M. M. Hossain
Senior Scientific Officer
Regional Horticulture Research Station, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Chapai Nawabganj

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A field trial was conducted at the Regional Horticulture Research Station, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Chapai Nawabganj in Bangladesh during February to July 2009 to test the efficacy of 13 new fungicides against post-harvest anthracnose of mango fruits. None of the fungicides under investigation was able to control the disease completely. Sedomil MZ 72 (Mancozeb + Metalaxyl) at the rate of 2 gm /litre was the best fungicide to control postharvest anthracnose effectively. Mancoz 80 WP (Mancozeb), Sazid 72 WP (Mancozeb + Metalaxyl), Sun Plus 5 EC (Hexaconazole), Shabab 5 EC (Hexaconazole), and Combi-2 30 EC (Difficonazole + Propiconazole) were able to control more than 80 % of the disease.

Keywords: Mango, Anthracnose,Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, Fungicide

Location: Regional Horticulture Research Station, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Chapai Nawabganj

Start Date: 00-02-2009

End Date: 00-07-2009

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Mango

Objectives:

To investigate the efficacy of some new fungicides against the post-harvest disease particularly anthracnose of mango fruits.

Methodology:

A field trial was conducted at the Regional Horticulture Research Station, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Chapai Nawabganj, Bangladesh to evaluate the performance of new fungicides by pre-harvest spray against the major post-harvest anthracnose disease of mango. The investigation was performed during February to July 2009. The spray was commenced on BARI Aam-3 of 16 years old established in a mango orchard when the panicle size was 10-15 cm long. In order to prevent flower damage by insect pests, Ripcord 10 EC (Cypermethrin) @ 1 ml/litre was mixed with all the fungicides at first spray. The spray was continued up to the harvest of the fruit at 15 days interval. Thirteen fungicides were included to test the efficacy against post-harvest disease of mango. Dithane M- 45 was included as the standard check fungicide. Fungicides were evaluated as their ability to prevent post-harvest anthracnose development which causes severe rot in mango fruits. At every spray schedule, control plants were sprayed with water. Fungicidal spray was stopped at 15 days before harvest of fruits. Randomly selected 21 fruits were harvested at full maturity from each treatment. Harvested treated fruits along with the untreated control were allowed to ripe in natural condition at room temperature (27- 34⁰ C). The development of anthracnose on the harvested fruit was recorded 10 days after harvest following a standard severity scale (0-5) developed by Bondad et al. (1980). Percent disease index (PDI) was measured from percent fruit area covered by the disease. To evaluate the effectiveness of the chemicals, the severity of diseases was measured by calculating the percent disease index (PDI) according to the formula of Singh (1984).

Source of Information: Annual Report 2009-10, BARI

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Pre-harvest fungicidal spray had significant effect on anthracnose development in harvested mango fruits. All the fungicides significantly reduced incidence and severity of anthracnose but none of them was able to protect completely from the disease The lowest (14.28 %) disease incidence was recorded in mango fruits harvested from the plants sprayed with Sedomil MZ 72 WP followed by Mancoz 70 WP (19.04 %), Sun Plus 5 EC (33.33 %), Sazid 72 WP (38.09 %), Shabab 5 EC (38.09%) and Combi-2 30 EC (38.09 %). Other fungicides showed little effect in controlling the incidence of the disease. The lowest (3.80 %) severity as well as the highest disease control (93.95 %) was recorded in fruits sprayed with Sedomil MZ 72 WP which was followed by Mancoz 70 WP (87.89 %), Sazid 72 WP (84.86 %), Sun Plus 5 EC (83.34 %), Shabab 5 EC (81.82 %) and Combi-2 30 EC (80.31 %). Rest of the fungicides was less effective to control the disease. The highest disease incidence and severity was noted in fruits harvested from control plants. There were two fungicides under Difficonazole +Propiconazole group. Among them, Combi-2 30 EC was effective against the disease but X-TRA Care 300 EC was the least effective which control only 68.19 % disease. Similarly three fungicides were included under Mancozeb + Metalaxyl group. Among them, Sedomil MZ 72 and Sazid 72 WP were effective against the disease while the Tyzeb 30 WP was not effective.There were four fungicides under Hezaconazole group. Among them, Sun Plus 5 EC and Shabab 5 EC were effective against the disease while the other two were not effective. Only one fungicide was included under Difficonazole, Sulphar, Carbendazim and Mancozeb group. Among them only mancoz 80 WP (mancozeb group was effective against the disease while the others were not effective.

Knowledge Management: Report/Proceedings