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Prevalence of Seed-borne Mycoflora of Some Promising Oilseed Crops

M. M.E. Rahman
SSO
Plant Pathology Division, BARI, Gazipur

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The predominant fungi of sunflower, in order of prevalence, were Alternaria alternata (26.32%), Botrytis cinerea (10.89%), Rhyzopus stolonifer (14.64%, Fusarium semitectum (14.38%) and F. semitectum (11.37%.The predominant fungi of sesame were isolated from seeds of T-6, in order of prevalence, were A. alternata (26.91%), A. sesame (24.77%), A. flavus (14.98%) and R. stolonifer(10.40%). A total of ten species of fungi detected from Linseed, Niger and Safflower. The predominant fungi were identified from the seeds of linseed, in order of prevalence, were A. alternata (35.75%), B. cinerea(12.85%), Fusarium spp.(12.30%) and A. brassicicola (11.17%). In case of Niger seed, predominant fungi were Fusarium spp.(22.32%), B. cinerea (19.64%), A. alternata (16.96%) and A. niger (12.50%).The predominant fungi in the seeds of Safflower, in order of prevalence, were A. alternata (34.24%), Chaetomium sp. (11.28%), A. niger (10.51%) and B. cinerea (10.12%).

Keywords: Seed-Borne Mycoflora, Oilseed crops

Location: Plant Pathology Division, BARI, Gazipur

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Safflower, Linseed, Niger, Sunflower

Objectives:

To evaluate seed-borne mycoflora of promising oilseed crops.

Methodology:

The study was conducted at Plant Pathology Division, BARI, Gazipur by collecting different promising oil seeds viz. Sunflower, Niger, Linseed and Safflower. Seed health status of Sunflower was studied through collecting 52 seed samples from seed store, nursery men and farmers of different districts in Bangladesh. Four seed sample of each niger, linseed and safflower were collected from ORC, Gazipur. Used varieties of linseed, niger and safflower were Nila, Shova and BARI safflower-1. Seed-borne infections of fungi prevalent in seed samples were detected by Blotter method. The seeds were kept at 22±20⁰C for incubation and after incubation the seeds were examined under stereo-microscope for the presence of seed-borne fungal pathogens. Fungi, incubated on seeds, were identified by observing their growth characters on the incubated seeds consulting with appropriate keys.

Source of Information: Annual report 2005-06,Plant Pathology Division, BARI, Gazipur

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Sunflower: Nine species of fungi, representing seven genera, were identified from the total seed-borne fungal infection recorded on seeds of three varieties of sunflower viz. BARI sunflower 2, kinoni and local variety collected from five locations. The predominant fungi, in order of prevalence, were Alternaria alternata (26.32%), Botrytis cinerea (10.89%), Rhyzopus stolonifer (14.64%, Fusarium semitectum (14.38%) and F. semitectum (11.37%. The total seed-borne fungal infections varied considerably in prevalence depending on the variety and location of seed collection. Germination of seeds of three selected sunflower varieties also varied significantly from 62.75 to 86.25% in terms of variety and location. Pathogenicity test was performed with the five test fungi. A. alternata produced characteristics leaf spot and blight symptoms on the inoculated leaves. B. cinerea & R. stolenifer showed their pathogenic potential by causing gray mould, blight and head rot symptoms respectively. F. moniliforme and F. semitectum caused seed rot or germination failure, pre-and post-emergent death as well as foot/root rots to three weeks old sunflower seedlings. Sesame: Seven fungi representing five genera were isolated from sesame seeds. The predominant fungi were isolated from seeds of T-6, in order of prevalence, were A. alternata (26.91%), A. sesame (24.77%), A. flavus (14.98%) and R. stolonifer(10.40%). In case of BARI sesame-2, the predominant fungi were A. niger (25.25%), A. alternata (22.73%) and A. sesame (19.19%). The predominant fungi in seeds of BARI sesame-3 were A. alternata (23.46%), A. sesame (17.28%) and Fusarium spp.(16.05%). Germination percentages of seeds of T-6, BARI sesame-2 and BARI sesame-3 were 65, 84 and 90 respectively. Other minor oilseed crops: A total of ten species of fungi detected from Linseed, Niger and Safflower. Of them, 9, 7 and 9 species of fungi recorded from the seeds of Linseed, Niger and Safflower respectively. The predominant fungi were identified from the seeds of linseed, in order of prevalence, were A. alternata (35.75%), B. cinerea(12.85%), Fusarium spp.(12.30%) and A. brassicicola (11.17%). In case of Niger seed, predominant fungi were Fusarium spp.(22.32%), B. cinerea (19.64%), A. alternata (16.96%) and A. niger (12.50%).The predominant fungi in the seeds of Safflower, in order of prevalence, were A. alternata (34.24%), Chaetomium sp. (11.28%), A. niger (10.51%) and B. cinerea (10.12%). Germination percentages of seeds of Linseed, Niger and Safflower were 88, 90 and 82 respectively.

Knowledge Management: Report/Proceedings