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Response of Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Potassium and Sulfur on the Growth and Yield of Kharif Onion

S. Brahma
Spices Research Center, BARI, Shibganj, Bogra

M.N. Yousuf
Scientific Officer
Spices Research Center, BARI, Shibganj, Bogra

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A field experiment was conducted at Spices Research Centre, Shibgonj, Bogra during the period from March to August, 2007 to observe the response of kharif onion (BARI piaz-3) to different level of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and sulfur in order to determine the optimum requirement of these nutrient elements for achieving satisfactory bulb yield of this crop. The experiment was conducted in Randomized complete block design with three (3) replications. The treatments were four (4) levels of nitrogen (0, 50, 100 & 150 kg/ha), phosphorus (0, 20, 40 & 60 kg/ha), potassium (0, 50, 100 & 150 kg/ha) and sulfur (0, 10, 20 & 30 kg/ha) distributed in the plots along with recommended dose of zinc, magnesium and cowdung. There was positive impact of those nutrients, on the yield and yield contributing characters of kharif onion up to a moderate level of N100P40K100S30 kg/ha. The highest bulb yield (22.67 t/ha) was obtained with this moderate application of N, P, K, and S (100, 40, 100 & 30 kg/ha, respectively) and yield was declined with higher doses of these elements.

Keywords: Kharif onion, Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Potassium, Sulfur, Growth, Yield

Location: Spices Research Center, BARI, Shibganj, Bogra

Start Date: 00-03-2007

End Date: 02-09-2007

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Onion

Objectives:

To evaluate the effect of different levels of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and sulfur on the yield and yield attributes of kharif onion.
To find out the combined optimum rates of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and sulfur for maximizing bulb yield.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted at the Spices Research Centre, Shibgonj, Bogra during the period from March to August 2007 with a view to find out the optimum requirement of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and sulfur for kharif onion cultivation. The crop used in the experiments was a high yielding variety of onions (BARI piaz-3) released by SRC, BARI. The treatments included 4 levels of nitrogen (0, 50, 100 & 150 kg/ha), phosphorus (0, 20, 40 & 60 kg/ha), potassium (0, 50, 100 & 150 kg/ha) and sulfur (0, 10, 20 & 30 kg/ha). In addition a blanket dose of cowdung 5 t/ha, zinc oxide 2.0 kg/ha and magnesium oxide 1.0 kg/ha were used in the study. The total amount of cowdung, TSP, ½ of MP, gypsum, ZnO and MgO were applied during final land preparation. Urea was applied 3 equal splits at 15, 30 and 45 days after transplanting and rest half of MP was applied at 30 days after transplanting. The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with 3 replications. The unit plot size was 3 m x 3 m. The seedlings were transplanted 15 June, 2007 maintaining a spacing of 15 cm x 10 cm. The crop was harvested at its maturity 2 September, 2007. Yield contributing parameters were recorded from ten randomly selected plants from each unit plot. The recorded data on different parameters were statistically analyzed by using MSTAT software to find out the significance of variation resulting from the experimental treatments. The difference between the treatment means were judge by Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT) according to Gomez and Gomez (1984). Economic evaluation of different fertilizer combinations was done through budgeting and dominant analysis followed by marginal analysis of the cost un dominanted treatments.

Source of Information: Research Report 2008. Spices Research Center, BARI, Shibganj, Bogra

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) : 12,000/--

Achievement/Findings:

Different fertilizer treatments created a remarkable impact on yield and yield contributing characters of kharif onion . Among the fertilizer treatments, N100P40K100S30 highest yield was obtained (22.67 t/ha) and the lowest yield (13.33 t/ha) was obtained in control. Economic analysis of kharif onion cultivation revealed that by virtue of maximum use of inputs in N100P40K100S30 treatment, the highest return of Tk 340050 and the maximum benefit cost ratio of 4.10 was recorded with the moderate variable cost. So, the treatment, N100P40K100S30 may be considered as the best combination of N, P, K and S to achieve a satisfactory higher and economic yield of kharif onion cultivation in this soil.Nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and sulfur played an important role in increasing yield of kharif onion. The fertilizer treatment N100P40K100S30 was observed to be the best suitable dose for kharif onion cultivation on Grey Terrace Soil under AEZ-25.

Knowledge Management: Journal, Report/Proceedings