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Photoperiod-insensitive Mutants with Shorter Plant Height Identified in the M1 Generation of Rice Irradiated with Carbon Ion Beams.

Dr. Md. Abul Kalam Azad
Principal Scientific Officer
Plant Breeding Division, Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture (BINA),BAU Campus, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

M.N.N. Mazumdar
Scientific Officer
Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture (BINA),BAU Campus, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

A.K. Chaki
Scientific Officer
Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture (BINA),BAU Campus, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

M. Ali
Scientific Officer
Plant Breeding Division, Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture (BINA),BAU Campus, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

M.L. Hakim
Chief Scientific Officer (former)
Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering Division, IFRB, AERE, BAEC, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh

A.N.K Mamaun
Principal Scientific Officer
Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering Division, IFRB, AERE, BAEC, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh

Y. Hase
Quantum Beam Science Directorate, JAEE, Takasaki, Gunma, Japan

A. Tanaka
Quantum Beam Science Directorate, JAEE, Takasaki, Gunma, Japan

A. Koike
Nuclear Safety Research Association, Tokyo, Japan

H. Ishikawa
Nuclear Safety Research Association, Tokyo, Japan

M.A. Azam
Chief Scientific Officer (former)
Plant Breeding Division, Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture (BINA),BAU Campus, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

To investigate the possibility of inducing fixed mutants in M1 generation of rice, 150 seeds of the highly photoperiod-sensitive and tall indica type rice cv. Ashfal were irradiated with different doses of carbon ion beams. Nine M1 hills, 2 from each of 40, 120 and 160 Gy, and 1 from each of 60, 80 and 200 Gy headed, even under long days in boro season. None of the plants of parent Ashfal headed. Of the heading M1 plants that had plant height as the parent and that could not produce any seed, only the shorter plants produced seed. The M2 progenies took 85 days and 110 days for heading and maturity, respectively, during shorter days in aman season. In contrast, the parent Ashfal headed after 7 November and matured in 152 days. In M3 generation, the progenies bred true as in M2 for heading, maturity and plant height despite the fact that the number of days taken were a little bit higher than M2. Simple sequence repeat analysis confirmed that the photoperiod-insensitive M1 plants that bred true in the M2 and M3 generations were not contamination of another photoperiod-insensitive variety

Keywords: Rice, Indica type, Ion beams, Mutation, Photoperiod sensitivity

Location: BINA Farm, Mymensingh

Start Date: 01-01-2009

End Date: 31-10-2012

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Rice

Objectives:

To elucidate whether it is possible to get fixed photoperiod-insensitive M1 plants with shorter height and duration from Ashfal by ion beam irradiation.

Methodology:

Dehusked seeds of Ashfal were exposed to 26.7 MeV/n carbon ions with 0, 10, 20, 40, 60, 80, 100, 120, 160 and 200 Gy in January 2009 at the Japan Atomic Energy Agency (Takasaki, Gunma, Japan). One hundred and fifty seeds were used for each irradiation dose. Single seedlings were transplanted on February 11, 2009 into each hill. Spacing between rows and hills were 20 cm and 15 cm, respectively. All the the experiments were conducted at BINA farm, Mymensingh and recommended doses of fertilizers and agronomic practices were followed. M₂ seeds were harvested individually from three fertile M1 plants at 5 months after transplanting. and transplanted again during aman season on August 17, 2009. Days to heading and maturity were recorded through visual observation by visiting the plots every other day. Plant height, number of effective tillers and panicle length was measured at maturity from 5 randomly selected competitive plants. M₃seeds were harvested separately from each M₂ plant. M₃ plants were grown as plant progeny rows during next boro season. Data recording was the same as that for M_2. Grain characteristics like length (L) and width (W) of unhusked and husked grains were recorded in October 2012 from 25 seeds of each of the eight mutants along with the parent Ashfal while grain weight from 1000 unhusked seeds. To confirm that the plants that showed photoperiod insensitivity in M₁, M₂, M₃ and onward generations were not contamination of other photoperiod-insensitive varieties, simple sequence repeat (SSR) analysis of DNA was performed during September-October 2012 of eight mutants. DNA was isolated from 21-day-old seedlings of the mutants and parent Ashfal following the modified cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) mini-prep method. The SSR primer RM351 was used to verify whether the mutants were the result of contamination of other variety or not.

Source of Information: SABRAO Journal of Breeding and Genetics 45 (2): 179-186, 2013

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. Government

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

It is possible to induce fixed mutants in the M₁ generation of indica rice Ashfal through 40-200 Gy doses of carbon ion beam irradiation. This will help to avoid screening of numerous plants in M₂ and M₃ generations.

Knowledge Management: Journal