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Impact of Maize Research and Extension in Bangladesh

Md. Ismail Hossain
Chief Scientific Officer and Head
Agricultural Economics Division, BARI, Gazipur

M. A. Monayem Miah
Scientific Officer
Agricultural Economics Division, BARI, Gazipur

TMB Hussain
Scientific Officer
Agricultural Economics Division, BARI, Gazipur

G. Hafiz
Scientific Officer
Agricultural Economics Division, BARI, Gazipur

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The study was undertaken during 2001-02 to evaluate the past investment on research and analysis was used to estimate the returns to investment on composite varieties and hybrids of maize that have been replaced the local varieties. The growth rate of area, production and yield of maize were increased dramatically after the release of maize varieties. The internal rate of return (IRR) to investment was calculated at 23%. During 2000-01, about 65.70% more maize production was made available because of the farmers’ adoption of composite varieties and hybrids of maize. The yield of composite varieties of maize ranged from 40 to 65% and hybrids ranged from 73 to 79% higher over the local varieties. Under various assumptions about the research and extension expenditures, the IRR ranged from 17 to 28% and benefit cost ratio from 9 to 19. The accumulated foreign exchange saving since 1992-93 was Tk 291.59 billion. The study indicates that the funding of maize research and extension is a good investment. Therefore, both government and donor agencies should come forward to invest in maize research and strengthen extension activities in the country.

Keywords: Impact, Maize, Research, Extension.

Location: BARI, Gazipur

Start Date: 00-00-2001

End Date: 00-00-2002

Program Area: Socio-economic and Policy

Non-commodity: Adoption of technology

Objectives:

i. To find the growth rate of area, production and yield of maize

ii. To find the adoption of composite varieties and hybrids of maize and yield advantages over local varieties

iii. To estimate the rate of return of maize research and extension.

Methodology:

The Economic Surplus Model with Ex-Post analysis was considered for the present study to estimate the rate of return of the composite varieties and hybrids of maize that have been replacing the traditional varieties of maize. The analysis was attempted with the open-economy. The open-economy commodity market is defined as a commodity that is totally produced and consumed domestically as well as the commodity is imported or exported. The Akino and Hayami (1975) approximation formulas for calculating changes to producer and consumer economic surplus were used in this study.

Source of Information: Annual Research Report 2002, Agricultural Economics Division, BARI, Gazipur

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Three periods were considered for the growth rate calculation of maize. First, from 1980/81 to 1986/87, i.e., before the release of the composite varieties and hybrids of maize; Second from 1987/88 to 2000/01, i., from the beginning of the released varieties up to the study period considered and Third, from 1980/81 to 2000/01 i.e., the whole study period. During first seven years from 1980/81 to 1986/87, the annual rate of change of area, production and yield of maize were 11.29, 17.79 and 6.50 percent respectively. After the release of composite varieties and hybrids of maize, i.e., after 1986-87, the average area, production and yield of maize increased dramatically and their rate of change were 18.28, 35.18 and 16.91 percent respectively. This might be due to the result of more adoption of composite varieties and hybrids of maize by the farmers. The potential yield of Bornali, Khoi Bhutta, Mohar, BARI Bhutta-5, BARI Bhutta-6, BARI Hybrid-1, BARI Hybrid-2 and other Hybrids average were recorded as 6.00, 3.75, 5.00, 6.00, 6.50, 8.25, 8.50 and 10.50 ton/ha respectively and the local variety 2.25 ton/ha. Thus the potential relative yields of composite varieties and hybrids of maize were 40 to 79 percent higher over the local varieties. The internal rate of return was found 23 percent. This IRR on investments in research and extension is a good rate of return. The analysis also includes the benefits over the local varieties. The benefit cost ratio was found 11 which indicated higher benefits to the investment. Therefore, both government and donor agencies should come forward to increase in maize research and extension in the country.

Knowledge Management: Report/Proceedings