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Natural and Artificial Screening of Potato Varieties/clonal Hybrids Against Phytophthora Infestans

M. Iqbal Hossain
Scientific Officer
Tuber Crops Research centre, BARI, Joydebpur, Gazipur

M.M. Rahaman
Scientist
Tuber Crops Research centre, BARI

B.K. Goswami
Tuber Crops Research centre, BARI

M.M. Begum
Tuber Crops Research centre, BARI

M. Hossain
Tuber Crops Research centre, BARI

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

An experiment was conducted at Joydebpur and RARS, Jamalpur during 2009-2010 to find out resistant or tolerant varieties or lines of potato against late blight of potato caused by Phytopththora infestans. In Joydebpur, a total of 31 potato varieties/clonal hybrids were evaluated against late blight pathogen under natural condition. Eight varieties were also tested at Joydebpur under artificial inoculation conditions through detached leaf method. Under natural condition, none was shown infected to late blight disease. However, three varieties (Ewelina, Orchestra and Toscana) showed resistant and the rest five varieties showed moderately susceptible reaction after 96 hours of artificial inoculation. In Jamalpur, seeds of a total seventy two varieties and lines and check Diamant were evaluated. Among the total 72 lines and varieties, Toluka and Bionica were found highly tolerant against late blight disease that can be used in breeding programme for the development of late blight resistant potato variety.

Keywords: Screening, Late Blight, Potato variety

Location: Joydebpur and RARS, Jamalpur

Start Date: 00-00-2009

End Date: 00-00-2010

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Potato

Objectives:

To find out late blight resistant or tolerant sources of potato.

Methodology:

An experiment was conducted at Joydebpur and RARS, Jamalpur during 2009-2010 to find out resistant or tolerant varieties or lines of potato against late blight of potato caused by P. infestans. In Joydebpur, a total of 27 exotic varieties and 3 clonal hybrids and seventy two varieties and lines were evaluated in Jamalpur where Diamant was used as check. Potato seeds were sown in 3 m x 0.6 m lines at plant to plant 25 cm and row to row 60 cm distance respectively on 10 December, 2009 and recommended doses of fertilizer was applied. All agronomical practices were done as when necessary. Disease severity was measured following a standard 1-9 disease rating scale where, 1 =0% blighted (no disease observed), 2 = 0.1% blighted (a few scattered plants blighted; no more than 1 or 2 spots, 3= 1.0% blighted up to 10 spots per plant or general light infection, 4 = 50% blighted (about 50 spots per plant; up to 1 in 10 leaflets infected), 5 = 25.0% blighted (nearly every plant affected, but plant looking normal form; plants may smell of blight; fields look green although every plant is affect), 6 = 50.0% blighted (every plant affected and about 50% of the leaf area is destroyed; field appears green, flecked with brown), 7 = 75.0% blighted (about 75% of the leaf area is destroyed; field appears neither predominantly brown nor green), 8 = 95.0% blighted (only few leaves on plants, but stems are green), and 9 = 100.0% blighted (all leaves dead, stems dead or dying). A total of eight varieties were tested for artificial screening at Joydebpur. Detached leaf method was followed where five leaflets were taken from each variety. The leaflets were placed upside down in the screening trays. One drop of freshly prepared sporangial suspension of P. infestans (1 × 104 spores/ml) was placed at the centre of each leaflet and then incubated at 18 ±10C for 5 days. Data were taken on lesion initiation hour, lesion diameter, presence of vegetative growth of the fungus and finally graded them. The scale was indexed by lesion diameter: a) below 1 cm= R, below 2 = MS, range 2.1 – 2.5= S and 2.5 and above = HS.

Source of Information: TCRC Annual Report-2009-10, BARI

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. Government

Budget: 30,000/=

Total Budget (Tk.) : 30,000/=

Achievement/Findings:

In Joydebpur, it is observed that there was no late blight infection under natural condition in any varieties/clones . However, out of 8 varieties tested, three varieties showed resistant and the rest 5 varieties showed moderately susceptible reaction to the disease under artificial inoculation after 96 hours. In Jamalpur, results of the study revealed that, among the total 72 varieties/lines only 02 varieties Toluka and Bionica and 3 CIP lines (CIP 3, CIP 5, and CIP 7) showed highly tolerance against late blight disease. So, these 5 genotypes may be used in breeding programme for the development of late blight resistant potato variety.

Knowledge Management: Report/Proceedings