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Development of an Environment FRIendly Semi-intensive Shrimp Farming and Water Quality Management Vis-a-vis Disease

Dr. S.B. Saha
Senior Scientific Officer
Marine Fisheries and Technology Station, Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute, Cox's Bazar

Md. Nurul Islam
Scientific Officer
Marine Fisheries and Technology Station, Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute, Cox's Bazar

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The production of shrimp was 1704-2380 kg/ha. The feed conversion ratio was 1.33-1.74, which can be considered lower than that of usual semi-intensive shrimp culture system. This may be due to the strict regulation of feed application. Alkalinity level never decreased below 76 mg/l. No sudden plankton drops was observed. Ammonia never exceeded the critical level and varied from trace to 0.5 ppm. During the whole culture period neither virus nor any other disease symptoms in shrimp was observed. But disease symptom was observed in the surrounding farms even in the traditional system of culture. Therefore, it can be inferred that it is possible to keep the possible virus carrier outside the culture area and virus which may be carried by PL itself could not find opportunity to show its virulence in this culture system.

Keywords: Shrimp farming, Water quality, Marine Fisheries

Location: Cox's Bazar

Start Date: 01-07-2002

End Date: 30-06-2003

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Commodity: Shrimp

Objectives:

To find out an environment friendly approach in shrimp farming by changing culture physiology for shrimps and fishes on crop rotation basis, routine observation on physico-chemical and biological parameters and management aspects of disease affected and unaffected shrimp farms to find out relationship to those parameters, development of an effective water quality management process and sustainable semi-intensive farming to produce healthy shrimp, studies on pond microcosm, biological control of planktonic biomass and health status of raised shrimp.

Methodology:

The study was conducted in ten ponds of Meghna Shrimp Culture Farm of Cox’s Bazar. The size of the ponds varied from 4080-7480 m². The ponds were prepared by drying and then removal of top black soil up to a depth of 5-6 cm. Liming of the ponds was done with calcium carbonate @ 550-600 kg/ha. After then, the ponds were filled up with tidal water up to a depth of 1.68 -1.82 m. The water of the ponds was treated with urea and TSP (1:2) @ 25-35 kg/ha. After then, all the animal lives in the ponds were killed by applying phostoxin tablet @ 1262-1633 g/ha. After ten days of phostoxin treatment, the ponds were stocked with hatchery produced post larvae (PL) of P. monodon. @ 13-15 PL/m². Commercial formulated pellet feed was supplied to the ponds in a very rational way to reduce the deposition of detritus in the bottom. Liming was done frequently when difference of pH in the morning and evening was more than 0.5 or pH level decreased to 7.5. Aeration was done with paddle wheel aerator when dissolved oxygen level dropped below 4 mg/l. To stabilize the phytoplankton population, ponds were fertilized with urea and TSP frequently. The loss of water was refilled from the reservoir after treatment.

Source of Information: Annual Research Program 2002-03. BFRI, Mymensingh.

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. Government

Budget: Three lakh

Total Budget (Tk.) : Three lakh

Achievement/Findings:

Shrimp farming in Bangladesh has been changed abruptly when viral disease in shrimp farm spread in epidemic form throughout the coastal area and caused major damage of shrimp in the semi-intensive system. To get rid of viral disease, farmers were suggested to upgrade the management of shrimp farming in different ways. It is suspected that any type of infectious disease is generally caused due to degradation of environmental factors. Hence, emphasis has been given to develop an environment friendly culture system of shrimp in the coastal areas.

Knowledge Management: Report/Proceedings