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Growth, Yield and Profitability of Cabbage (brassica Oleracea L.) as Influenced by Applied Nitrogen and Plant Spacing

Firoj Asadul Haque
Nangolkot Hasan Memorial Degree College, Camilla.

N. Islam
Department of Horticulture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka-1207

Md. Nazrul Islam
Project Officer
SEQAEP, Ministry of Education

Ahsan UlIah
Munshir Hat Prokowshali Wahidur Rahman Degree College, Comilia, Bangladesh

Md. Dulal Sarkar
Department of Horticulture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka-1207

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

An experiment was conducted with cabbage during October 2012 to February 2013 at the Horticulture Farm of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh. Four levels of nitrogen: viz. 0, 150, 250 and 350 kg ha^-1 and three plant spacings: 50 x 30, 50 x 40 and 50 x 50 cm were applied in a Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. Nitrogen @ 250 kg ha^-1 with the spacing of 50 x 50 cm was more effective and produced the highest fresh weight of head (2.17 kg), marketable head yield (86.93 t ha^-1). This treatment was also more profitable than the rest of the treatments, while the lowest profit was in N₀S₁.

Keywords: Cabbage, Brassica oleracea, profitability, Nitrogen, Plant spacing

Location: Horticulture Farm of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh

Start Date: 00-10-2012

End Date: 00-02-2013

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Cabbage, Fertilizer

Objectives:

To evaluate the effect of nitrogen and plant spacings on growth, yield and profitability of cabbage.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted at the Horticulture Farm of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh during October 2012 to February 2013. The experimental site was at 24.09° N latitude and 90.26°E longitude with an elevation of 8.20 m from the sea level. The soil was a silty loam belonging to the Modhupur Tract (AEZ-28) and subtropical climate characterized by heavy precipitation during April-September and scanty during October-March. Seeds of "Autumn Queen" variety of cabbage were sown on 15 October 2012. A 3 x 2 m seedbed was well ploughed and all stubbles were removed. Well decomposed cowdung was added during the bed preparation. Seeds were treated with Vitavax 200 WP @ 2.5 g kg^-1 of seeds and sown in the seedbed on 15 October 2012. The bed was covered with dry rice straw to conserve soil moisture. Sowing was done thinly in lines 5 cm apart at the depth of 2 cm by hand and covered with a thin layer of soil following light watering. The watering was done till germination was completed and the Cover of the dry straw was removed immediately after emergence of seedlings. Weeding and mulching were done as needed. There were four levels of nitrogen and three spacings. The levels of nitrogen were: 0, 150, 250 and 350 kg ha^-1 as represented by N₀, N₁, N₂ and N₃, respectively. The plant spacings were: 50 x 30, 50 x 40 and 50 x 50 cm as represented by S₁, S₂ and S₃, respectively. The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. The size of each plot was 3 x 2 m and, the distance of 50 cm was maintained in between two adjacent plots and Irn between the blocks. The experimental field was ploughed and leveled properly by laddering. The basal doses of manure and fertilizers were applied during the final land preparation. The fertilizers: urea was applied as per treatments. However, TSP, MP and cowdung were applied @ 250, 300, 5000 kg ha^-1, respectively. Full doses of Cowdung and TSP were applied during the final land preparation. The total amounts of urea and MP were applied in two instalments- the first half was at 15 and the second half at 35 days after transplanting the seedlings. Healthy seedlings were selected for transplanting. Before transplanting, the roots of the seedlings were dipped in solution of Bavistin @ 2 g L^-1 of water. The seedlings 40 days old were transplanted in the afternoon on 20 November 2012 maintaining the spacing as per the treatments. Intercultural operations like gap filling, weeding, earthing-up and irrigation were furnished for proper growth and development of the crop. Malathion 57 EC @ 2 ml L^-1 and rovral 50 WP @ 2 g L^-1 of water were sprayed to control mole crickets and caterpillars, and alternaria leaf spot disease, respectively. Harvesting was done on 10 February 2013 as plants formed compact heads. Data on plant growth at different dates after transplanting and yield parameters were collected at harvest, analyzed and the mean values were adjudged using the least significance difference (LSD) test. Finally, the cost of production was analyzed with the view to find out the most profitable treatment combination. The economic analyses were done with a view to observing the comparative cost and benefit under different treatment combinations. For this purpose, the input cost, (land preparation, seed cost, manures and fertilizers, intercultural operation and manpower required for all the operations from sowing to harvesting) were recorded against each treatment.

Source of Information: The Agriculturists 13( 1): 35-45 (2015), ISSN 2304-7321 (Online), ISSN 1729-5211 (Print)

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The yield of cabbage head was influenced greatly by both applied nitrogen and spacing. Higher doses of nitrogen increased the number of loose leaves plant^-1 that increased the gross yield but ultimately decreased the marketable yield of cabbage head. The head yield increased due to optimum levels of nitrogen and spacing too. The cultivation cost increased with the increased doses of nitrogen up to N₂. The maximum benefit-cost ratio of 3.04 was noted with 250 kg N ha^-1with 50 x 50 cm spacing and therefore, it was more suitable for cabbage production.

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