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Efficacy of New Fungicides in Controlling Anthracnose of Mango Fruits

M. M. Hossain
Senior Scientific Officer
Regional Horticulture Research Station, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Chapai Nawabganj

M.A. Wadud
Scientific Officer
Regional Horticulture Research Station, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Chapai Nawabganj

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A field trial was conducted at the Regional Horticulture Research Station, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Chapai Nawabganj in Bangladesh during February to July 2010 to test the efficacy of 11 new fungicides against post-harvest anthracnosedisease of mango fruits. None of the fungicides was able to control the disease completely. Knowing 72 (Carbendazim) @ 1 gm /litre was the best fungicide to control postharvest anthracnose. Sarazim (Carbendazim), DIFA (Tricycazole), and Jibal (Copper Hydroxide) were able to control more than 80 % of the disease.

Keywords: Mango, Anthracnoes disease

Location: Regional Horticulture Research Station, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Chapai Nawabganj

Start Date: 00-02-2010

End Date: 00-07-2010

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Mango

Objectives:

To investigate the efficacy of some new fungicides against the post-harvest disease particularly anthracnose of mango fruits.

Methodology:

A field trial was conducted at the Regional Horticulture Research Station, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Chapai Nawabganj, Bangladesh to evaluate the performance of new fungicides by pre-harvest spray against the post-harvest anthracnose disease of mango. The investigation was performed during February to July, 2010. The spray was commenced on BARI Aam-3 of 17 years old established in a mango orchard when the panicle size was 10-15 cm long. In order to prevent flower damage by insect pests, Ripcord 10 EC (Cypermethrin) @ 1 ml/litre was mixed with all the fungicides at first spray. The spray was continued up to the harvest of the fruit at 15 days interval. Eleven fungicides were included to test the efficacy against post-harvest disease of mango. Details of the fungicides including their doses are shown in table 65. Pencozeb (Mancozeb) was included as the standard check fungicide. Fungicides were evaluated as their ability to prevent post-harvest anthracnose development which causes severe rot in mango fruits. At every spray schedule, control plants were sprayed with water. Fungicidal spray was stopped at 15 days before harvest of fruits. Randomly selected 21 fruits were harvested at full maturity from each treatment. Harvested treated fruits along with the untreated control were allowed to ripe in natural condition at room temperature (27- 34⁰ C). The development of anthracnose on the harvested fruit was recorded 10 days after harvest following a standard severity scale (0-5) developed by Bondad et al. (1980). Percent disease index (PDI) was measured from percent fruit area covered by the disease. To evaluate the effectiveness of the chemicals, the severity of diseases was measured by calculating the percent disease index (PDI) according to the formula of Singh (1984)

Source of Information: Annual Report 2010-11, BARI

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Pre-harvest fungicidal spray had significant effect on anthracnose development in harvested mango fruits. All the fungicides significantly reduced both the incidence and severity of anthracnose at different levels but none of them was able to protect completely from the disease. The lowest (23.80 %) disease incidence was recorded in mango fruits harvested from the plants sprayed with Sarazim followed by DIFA (33.33 %), Knowing (42.85 %), Jibal (47.60 %) and Mancoz (61.90 %). Other fungicides showed little effect on incidence of mango. In case of severity, the lowest (11.43 %) severity as well as the highest disease reduction (85.72 %) was recorded in fruits sprayed with Knowing followed by Sarazim (12.38 %), DIFA (12.56 %), Jibal (14.28 %) and Mancoz (28.57 %). Rest of the fungicides was less effective to control the severity of the disease. The highest incidence as well as the severity of the disease was always noted in fruits harvested from unsprayed control plants. There were four fungicides under Hexaconazole group. None of them was effective against the disease. Similarly one fungicide was included under propiconazole group which was also not effective. There was one fungicide under mencozeb group which was less effective against the disease. Only one fungicide was included under Sulphar group that was mainly used for powdery mildew. But as this year there was no powdery mildew in the field it was tasted against anthracnose and it was observed that Sayon (Sulphur) was not effective against anthracnose. There were two fungicides under Carbendazim group. Both of them were highly effective against the disease. Fungicides under same group showed differential efficacy to control the post-harvest anthracnose of mango fruits. The probable cause might be the amounts of ingredient used in each fungicide during formulation were different as each of them was obtained from different sources.

Knowledge Management: Report/Proceedings