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The Role of Baraigram Upazila Nirdeshika in Water Management – a Case Study

S. T. Kumar
PSO.
Retired as CSO, SRDI.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Moisture status of different soils in seven mapping units in Baraigram Upazila has been described that includes moisture storage capacity in the dry season and availability of moisture to the crop plants. Four moisture status groups has been categorized. These are >250mm, 250-150mm, 151-70mm and <70mm per 100cm profile and they are shown on the moisture status map. In dry season most of the crops suffered heavily due to drought. Satisfactory crop yield has not been achieved due to lack of proper water management practices. Silt loam (Sara) has the highest suitability for low cost irrigation for wheat and pulses, whereas silty clay/clay (Ishurdi/ Ghior) is least suitable. Lowest amount of irrigation for wheat and pulses is required for all soils during the period of 15 November to 5 March. By adopting Upazila Nirdeshika technology large area of single crop land can be converted into at least double cropped land and the command area can be increased following proper water management practices.

Keywords: Baraigram, Upazila Nirdeshika, Water management, Moisture status, Irrigation

Location: Baraigram, Natore

Start Date: 01-01-1997

End Date: 30-09-2001

Program Area: Socio-economic and Policy

Commodity: Water management

Objectives:

The objectives of the study was: # to prepare moisture status map for irrigation planning and # to design an irrigation scheme for rabi crops by using Upazila Nirdeshika

Methodology:

Interpretation of aerial photographs of Baraigram Upazila has been done by using mirror stereoscope. Soil and land type map has been prepared in the scale of 1:50000. Semi-detailed soil survey has been carried out following grid methods by using aerial photographs. Soil samples have been collected by spade and auger at an average density of one sample for 200 ha. Soils have been observed in mini pits and boundaries were checked according to the complexity of the soils. A final soil and land type map has been prepared at a scale of 1:50000. On the basis of different soil textural groups information on available soil moisture has been incorporated into the legend of the map. Moisture status data of different soils in the Ganges floodplain have been collected and compiled from the published reports. A soil moisture status map has also been prepared following different soil moisture status in the legend and an irrigation schedule has been designed by using the moisture data provided in the report.

Source of Information: SRDI 2001. Soil Resources in Bangladesh: Assessment and Utilization. Proceedings of the annual workshop on soil resources. 14-15 February, 2001. SRDI, Dhaka.

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. Government

Budget: 150000 (approx)

Total Budget (Tk.) : 150000 (approx)

Achievement/Findings:

The map of Baraigram Upazila Nirdeshika was prepared in the scale of 1:50000 following standard methodology. Seven mapping units, five land types and six soil groups were identified. Moisture status of different soils in seven mapping units in Baraigram Upazila has been described that includes moisture storage capacity in the dry season and availability of moisture to the crop plants. Four moisture status groups has been categorized. These are >250mm, 250-150mm, 151-70mm and <70mm per 100cm profile and they are shown on the moisture status map. In dry season most of the crops suffered heavily due to drought. Satisfactory crop yield has not been achieved due to lack of proper water management practices. Silt loam (Sara) has the highest suitability for low cost irrigation for wheat and pulses, whereas silty clay/clay (Ishurdi/ Ghior) is least suitable. Lowest amount of irrigation for wheat and pulses is required for all soils during the period of 15 November to 5 March. By adopting Upazila Nirdeshika technology large area of single crop land can be converted into at least double cropped land and the command area can be increased following proper water management practices. The result presented in the paper is an example for utilizing Upazila Nirdeshika in agricultural development planning at local level. Information regarding soil, its properties and water storage capacity have used to calculate irrigation requirement for dry land rabi crops. The provided moisture status map will be helpful for planning in irrigated and non-irrigated areas and for irrigation scheduling.

Knowledge Management: Report/Proceedings