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Drought Stress Effect at Different Growth Stages on the Growth and Yield of Hybrid Maize

F. Ahmed
SSO
Agronomy Division, Gazipur

M. N. Islam
PSO
Agronomy Division, Gazipur

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A pot experiment on drought stress effect at various growth stages of hybrid maize was conducted during two successive rabi seasons (2005-2007) to find out the critical growth stage to drought stress. There were four treatments, viz. no drought stress (Control-T₁), drought stress for 15 days at vegetative (8 leaf stage (T₂), Tasseling (T₃) and grain filling stage (T₄). Drought stress reduced dry matter per plant compared to control treatment, which caused a significant reduction in grain yield. Drought stress at different growth stages reduced grain yield by 8 to 21% in different treatments. Over the years the highest yield reduction (21%) was recorded in T₃ (drought stress at tasseling stage) treatment and the lowest (10%) in T₂ (drought stress at vegetative stage) treatment.

Keywords: Drought stress, Growth stages, Growth, Yield, Hybrid maize

Location: Joydebpur

Start Date: 14-11-2005

End Date: 00-00-2007

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Maize

Objectives:

To find out the most susceptible stage of maize to drought.

Methodology:

A pot experiment on drought stress effect at different growth stages of maize was conducted in a Vinyl house at the Central Research Station of BARI during two successive rabi seasons of 2005-2007. Four treatments-T₁-no water stress (control), T₂-drought stress at vegetative stage (35-50 DAS), T₃-drought stress at Tasseling stage (65-80 DAS) and T₄-drought stress at grain filling stage (80-95 DAS) were tested in the present study. Drought stress was imposed for 15 days by withdrawing of irrigation water and plants were re-irrigated after 15 days. Seeds of BARI hybrid maize-5 were sown on November 14, 2005 and November 13, 2006 in earthen pots (40 cm top dia., 20 cm bottom dia., 35 cm height) filled with soil and cowdung in 4:1 volume ratio. Fertilizers- urea, TSP, MOP gypsum and zinc sulphate of 5.5 g, 7.8 g, 6.6 g, 7.8 g and 0.45 g per pot was applied as basal. Urea (5.5 g/pot) was top-dressed at 35 and 65 DAS. Plants were grown under adequate watered condition up to 35 DAS in all the treatments. At 35 DAS 1st destructive sampling (3 plants from each treatment were sampled) of plant was done and then drought stress treatment was started in T₂ treatment by withdrawn of water for 15 days and thereafter T₂ was grown under adequate watered condition up to harvest. In the similar manner, treatment was imposed in T₃ and T₄ at 65 and 80 DAS, respectively for 15 days. Second and third destructive sampling was done at 50 and 80 DAS for dry matter. Plant parts e.g. leaf, stem, root were separated and dried in an oven at 80⁰C for 72 hours. Plants in T₃ and T₄ treatment took 130-132 days to mature while T₁ and T₂ took 135-137 days over the years. Data on yield and component was collected. Data were analyzed statistically and mean separation was done by LSD.

Source of Information: Annual Report, Agronomy Division 2006-2007, BARI

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. Asian Development Bank

Budget: 15,000/-

Total Budget (Tk.) : 15,000/-

Achievement/Findings:

Results from two years study it is reveled that withdrawal of water for 15 days at tasseling stage is more detrimental to growth and yield of maize than other growth stages, which might cause more than 21% grain yield reduction.

Knowledge Management: Report/Proceedings