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Seasonal Effect on Growth, Yield and Seed Quality of Soybean

R. R. Saha
SSO
Agronomy Division, BARI, Gazipur

W. Sultana
CSO
Agronomy Division, BARI, Gazipur

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The experiment was conducted at the Central Research Farm of BARI, Joydebpur, Gazipur in two seasons rabi and kharif II during 2004-05 and 2005-06 to evaluate the seasonal variation on growth, yield and seed quality of three soybean varieties. Averaged over the years, all the varieties accumulated more dry matter in kharif II season compared to rabi season. Among the varieties, BARI soybean 5 and Sohag produced relatively higher dry matter than Bangladesh soybean 4 in both the seasons. Between two growing seasons, crop growth duration was found shorter at kharif II than rabi in all the varieties. BARI soybean 5 and Sohag reached its physiological maturity within 43 to 47 DAA in rabi season and it delayed about 7 days in kharif II season. Regardless of season and variety, during 2004-05 grown crop yielded more (2265 kg/ha). Between two growing season, Kharif II grown crop produced higher yields (2090 kg/ha) than that of rabi season. Irrespective of year and season, BARI soybean 5 gave the highest yield (2112 kg/ha) which was identical with that of Sohag (2086 kg/ha). Among all the combination, the highest yield (2742 kg/ha) obtained from Khraif II during 2005 grown crop and the lowest yield found in Kharif II, 2006. Among the varieties, BARI soybean 5 produced higher yield in both the years at both rabi and Kharif II season. Among all factor combination, BARI soybean 5 produced the highest yield (3097 kg/ha) at Kharif II during 2005. Seed quality varied markedly due to variation of different growing factor i.e., crop growing year, season and variety. The highest seed vigour was found in BARI soybean 5 which produced at Kharif II season.

Keywords: Seasonal effect, Growth, Yield, Seed quality, Soybean

Location: Joydebpur

Start Date: 00-00-2004

End Date: 00-00-2006

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Soybean

Objectives:

To understand the seed growth pattern of three improved cultivars of soybean due to seasonal variation
To evaluate the yield and seed quality.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted at the Central Research Farm of BARI, Joydebpur, Gazipur during 2004-05 and 2005-06. Three soybean varieties viz. Sohag (V₁), Bangladesh soybean 4 (V₂) and BARI soybean 5 (V₃) and growing seasons viz. rabi and kharif II were used as treatment variables. The unit plot size was 3m x 4m. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with four replications. The seeds were sown on 9 and 7 December in rabi, 2004 and 2005 and 1st August and 26 July in kharif II 2005 and 2006, respectively. The crop field was fertilized with NPKS at the rate of 30-35-50-20 kg/ha from urea, triple super phosphate muriate of potash and Gypsum. Appropriate agronomic management practices and proper plant protection measures were taken as and when necessary during the crop growing period. At both the seasons, when plants were at around 50% flowering stage, about 600 flowers were tagged with colored thread in each plot to measure the pattern of seed growth. The tags were tied in such a way that the individual tagged pod could be identified later on. A total of 20 tagged pods from each plot were harvested at four days interval starting from third days after anthesis (DAA) and continued up to physiological maturity of seed. Pods were separated into seeds and pod wall and then fresh weight of seed and pod wall was taken Five plants randomly were collected from each plot at different growth stages for total dry matter estimation. Different plant parts were oven dried at 70⁰C for 72 hours and then weighed. At maturity, yield components were recorded from 10 randomly selected plants in each plot and plot yield was recorded. In both the years in two growing seasons, flowering and harvesting date were recorded each variety. For seed quality determination, harvested seeds were sun dried and placed on Petri dish and kept at room temperature. Data recorded on germination (%), shoot and root length (cm) and seedling dry weight. Vigour index was calculated following Jayraj and Karivaratharaju (1992). All the growth parameters were averaged over the years. Combined analysis was done over the years for yield, yield component and seed quality parameters and means were separated by DMRT

Source of Information: Annual Report, Agronomy Division 2006-2007, BARI

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. Asian Development Bank

Budget: 15,000/-

Total Budget (Tk.) : 15,000/-

Achievement/Findings:

The highest yield (2742 kg/ha) obtained from Khraif II during 2005 grown crop and the lowest yield found in Kharif II, 2006. Among the varieties, BARI soybean 5 produced higher yield in both the years at both rabi and Kharif II season. Among all factor combination, BARI soybean 5 produced the highest yield (3097 kg/ha) at Kharif II during 2005. Seed quality varied markedly due to variation of different growing factor i.e., crop growing year, season and variety. The highest seed vigour was found in BARI soybean 5 which produced at Kharif II season.

Knowledge Management: Report/Proceedings