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Characterization of Chilli

Rozina Afroz
Senior Scientific Officer
Plant Genetic Resources Centre, BARI, Joydebpur, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh

Md. Tariqul Islam
Principal Scientific Officer
Plant Genetic Resources Centre, BARI, Joydebpur, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh

Dr. Md. Sultan Alam
Principal Scientific Officer
Plant Genetic Resources Centre, BARI, Joydebpur, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh

Dr. Md Amjad Hossain
Chief Scientific Officer
Plant Genetic Resources Centre, BARI, Joydebpur, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The experiment was conducted to characterize 60 germplasm of chilli (Capsicum frutescens L.) at Plant Genetic Resources Centre of BARI, Joydebpur, Gazipur, during December 2012 to June 2013. The study was funded by Asian Food and Agriculture Cooperation Initiative. The germplasm of chilli was collected from eleven districts in Bangladesh. Variability was observed among the 60 germplasm based on their qualitative characters. Maximum variations were showed for leaf colour and hypocotyle color. In case of leaf colour, 75% germplasm light green, 11.67% green, 11.67% purple and 1.67% dark green. For the character hypocotyle color, 55% purple, 21.67% 1/2 purple from the base, 11.67% ¼ purple from the base and 11.67% green. The variations were found in immature fruit such as green (85.00%), purple (13.33%) and mixed (1.67%). Red (86.67%) and purple (13.33%) were found in fruit colour at mature stage. White (86.67%) and purple (13.33%) corolla colour were observed. All the germplasm showed lanceolate type of cotyledonous leaf shape, obtuse fruit shape at peduncle attachment and pointed fruit shape at blossom end.

Keywords: Capsicum frutescens, Characterization, Variability and Bangladesh

Location: Plant Genetic Resources Centre, BARI, Joydebpur, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh

Start Date: 04-12-2012

End Date: 00-06-2013

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Chilli

Objectives:

1. To study the variability of the collected germplasms.

2.To secure the sustainable use, regeneration, and conservation of collected germplasms

3. To develop data base management system for collected gerplasms

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted at the Plant Genetic Resources Centre (PGRC) of BARI, Joydebpur, Gazipur, during winter 2012-2013. The seeds were sown on 4 December, 2012. The study was funded by Asian Food and Agriculture Cooperation Initiative (AFACI project) under the research activities on exploration, collection, characterization, conservation, distribution and documentation of chilli germplasm. A total of sixty (60) germplasm were used in characterization. Some of germplasm showed early flowering habit and some are late. These germplasm collected from different districts in Bangladesh such as Bogra, Joypurhat, Jamalpur, Khagrachari, Patuakhali, Burguna, Barisal, Zhalokathi, Faridpur, Thakurgaon and Gazipur. Seedlings were raised in the plastic pots and it was transplanted in the field. The fertilizer doses were, Cowdung- 6 kg/plot, Urea- 126 g/plot, TSP- 200g/plot, MP- 120 g/plot, Borax- 3 g/plot and inter cultural practices were followed as per recommendation. Vertimac (1.2 ml/l) was sprayed for controlling mite. The data was recorded under the descriptor of GRSU, AVRDC. Royal Horticultural Society colour chart was used for the identification of fruit colour and leaf colour. The seedlings were transplanted in 2 rows of 3 m long plot. Row to row and plant to plant distance were both 50 cm. Alpha Lattice design with three replications was followed in this study.

Source of Information: ANNUAL RESEARCH REPORT OF PLANT GENETIC RESOURCES CENTRE-2012-13, BARI

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1.	Budget: Tk. 40,000/-

Total Budget (Tk.) : Tk. 40,000/-

Achievement/Findings:

The qualitative characters showed variability among the sixty germplasm of chilli. The hypocotyle colour showed four different types of variations such as 55% accessions showed purple colour followed by 21.67% 1/2 purple from the base. It was observed that 90% germplasm showed light hypocotyle colour intensity. Maximum number of germplasm (88.33%) expressed light green cotyledonous leaf color followed by 10% purple green and 1.67% dark green. In case of plant growth habit, 44 germplasm showed compact plant growth habit (73.33%). Three different types of variation were found in stem pubescence density, 48.33% sparse, 46.67% glabrous and 5% intermediate. In case of leaf shape, 58.33% ovate, 38.33% lanceolate and 3.33% deltoid. There were four different types of leaf colour such as 75% germplasm showed light green, 11.67% green, 11.67% purple and 1.67% dark green. For the character nodal anthocyanin, 90% green and 10% purple were observed. Two types of corolla colour were observed, white 86.67% and purple 13.33%. Three different calyx margin shapes were found, such as smooth (21.67%), intermediate (51.67%) and dentate (26.67%). For fruit colour at immature stage, 86.67% green and 13.33% purple. Fruit colour at mature stage was 86.67% red and 13.33%. Two different types of fruit shape was observed, elongate (91.67%) and conical (8.33%). In case of fruit set, 48.33% low followed by 35% intermediate and 16.67% high. For the character fruit bearing habit, most of the pendant type (73.33%) and some of the erect type (26.67%). There were no variation found for the character cotyledonous leaf shape and fruit shape at blossom end among the sixty germplasm. All the germplasm showed lanceolate type cotyledonous leaf shape and pointed type fruit shape at blossom end.

Knowledge Management: Report/Proceedings