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Morpho-agronomic Diversity of Hyacinth Bean (lablab Purpureus (l.) Sweet) Accessions from Bangladesh

Md. Tariqul Islam
Senior Scientific Officer
Plant Genetic Resources CentreBangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI) Joydebpur, Gazipur-1701Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A study was conducted of the morpho-agronomic diversity among 88 accessions of hyacinth bean (Lablab purpureus (L.) Sweet) from 14 districts of Bangladesh. The accessions showed green and purple colour on hypocotyl, epicotyl, stem, petiole and leaf veins. Purple, white and grayish-white flower colour were observed. Very light green, green, purple and purple on margin types of fresh pod colour along with flat, elongate and elongate-wavy pod shape were noticed among the hyacinth bean accessions. Black, brown, grayed-orange, bicolour and black dotted with brown seed colour were found. Seed shape was round, flat and elongate. Variation was also observed in raceme position, plant growth habit, pod curvature, pod beak shape and seed texture. Among the 15 quantitative traits the highest coefficient of variation was found in peduncle length, followed by rachis length, number of flowering nodes per peduncle and yield per plant; the lowest coefficient of variation was in days to first pod maturity. Diversity analysis grouped the accessions into seven morpho-agronomic clusters. No relationship was found between geographic origin and clustering. These findings were confirmed by results of canonical analysis. Further investigation using molecular techniques is recommended to assist in establishing a core collection for the crop.

Keywords: Lablab purpureus, Dversity, Intercluster distance, Bangladesh

Location: Plant Genetic Resources Centre, BARI, Joydebpur, Gazipur

Start Date: 28-11-2002

End Date:

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Hyacinth bean

Objectives:

(i) To study the genetic diversity

(ii) To identify salient features that distinguish accessions from one another

(iii) To identify the promising accessions for varietal development

(iv) To increase seeds for conservation.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted at PGRC of BARI, Joydebpur, Gazipur at 8.4 m above sea level in 2002/03. The 88 accessions selected for the study were collected from 14 districts in Bangladesh, largely from Sirajganj and Kushtia, following the methods described by Arora (1991). The accessions were selected on the basis of coverage of different growing areas of the country, variation in fresh pods, seeds etc. Seedlings were established in polythene bags on 28 September 2002 and transplanted into the field after 12 days. Plants were established 4 m apart within rows and with 4 m between rows to allow space for normal growth and development of the vine. Plants were grown on bamboo trails. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replicates. Each replicate consisted of a single row of five plants per accession. BARI-recommended cultural practices were followed (Islam et al. 2004). Data were recorded on all five plants in each replicate. Observations were recorded on 15 qualitative characters and 15 quantitative characters as per Characterization sheet on Hyacinth bean of AVRDC. Range, mean and coefficient of variation were determined. Genetic divergence, cluster, principal component analysis and canonical variance analysis were performed using Genstat 5 (1998).

Source of Information: ANNUAL RESEARCH REPORT OF PLANT GENETIC RESOURCES CENTRE-2002-2003, BARI

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. Government	Budget: TK. 10,000
2.	Budget: TK. 10,000

Total Budget (Tk.) : TK. 10,000

Achievement/Findings:

The accessions showed considerable variation in all qualitative and quantitative characters assessed. Among the quantitative traits the highest coefficient of variation was found in peduncle length, followed by rachis length, number of flowering nodes per peduncle and yield per plant and the lowest was in days to first pod maturity. On the basis of D2 values, the 88 accessions were grouped into seven different clusters. Most accessions (23) were in cluster II, followed by cluster I and V (17 accessions). Accessions collected from the same geographic origin (districts) were distributed among the different clusters. Accessions from Serajganj district were distributed into clusters I to VI, similar to accessions from Kushtia. The absence of relationship between genetic and geographic diversity suggests that forces other than geographic origin, such as exchange of breeding material, genetic drift, variation, natural and artificial selection are responsible for diversity. The intracluster distance ranged from 0 (cluster VII with only one accession) to 1.45 (cluster III). Maximum intercluster distance was estimated between clusters III and VII (25.04), followed by clusters II and III (18.75), suggesting wide diversity between these groups. The lowest intercluster distance was between clusters IV and VI (1.93). Accessions in cluster III showed greatest terminal leaflet length, fresh pod length, pod weight, number of seeds per pod and yield per plant and thus must be considered useful parental material. Principal component-1 was heavily weighted by terminal leaflet length, terminal leaflet width and fresh pod weight while Principal component-2 was dominated by terminal leaflet width, fresh pod width and number of seeds per pod. Diversity analysis were confirmed by results of cluster analysis. The crosses should be made between the accessions in cluster III with cluster VII and cluster II are expected to produce maximum heterosis and, thus, most diverse sergeants in hyacinth bean.

Knowledge Management: Report/Proceedings