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Economics of Vegetables Cultivation Under Kandi System in Low Lying Areas of BARIsal and Pirojpur Districts

Dr. Md. Rezaul Karim
Senior Scientific Officer
Agricultural Economics Division, BARI, Gazipur

Mr. Rafiqul Islam
Scientific Officer
Agricultural Economics Division, BARI, Gazipur

Md. Nazrul Islam
Scientific Officer
Agricultural Economics Division, BARI, Gazipur

Dr. Md. Ismail Hossain
Chief Scientific Officer
Agricultural Economics Division, BARI, Gazipur

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Kandi system vegetables cultivation in low laying area of Barisal and Pirojpur region is very popular among the farmers. This technology was developed by the local farmers and practiced heretically since long before Kandi is a raised bed surrounded by deep furrows where vegetables are grown insensitively. Most of the farmers cultivated vegetables (e.g. snake ground ribbed gourd, cucumber, bitter gourd etc.) normally, requiring trellis along the border of Kandis. Usually more crops were grown intensively in Rabi than Kharif due to favorable climate. However, some crops, mostly cucurbits, Overlapped from one season to another season because of their photo insensitivity. Locally made hand implements used to do tillage operation. About one meter long sickle was widely used for tillage, weeding, mulching and other operation. The estimated benefit cost ratio for the study for both areas were near about 2 So, the kandi system was very much profitable farming in Barisal and Pirojpur Region and could be extended among the farmers widely.

Keywords: Economics,Vegetables, Cultivation, Kandi system.

Location: Barisal and Pirojpur districts

Start Date: 00-00-2000

End Date: 00-00-2001

Program Area: Socio-economic and Policy

Commodity: Vegetables

Objectives:

i. To identify the crops grown under kandi system

ii. To know the agronomic practices followed by the farmers

iii. To ascertain the profitability of vegetables cultivation under the system

iv. To identify the constraints to vegetables production

Methodology:

The study was conducted at Barisal and Pirojpur district. Two Upazila namely, Banaripara under Barisal district and Nazirpur under Pirojpur district were selected for this study. Farmers in these areas prefer to cultivate vegetables under kandi system because the topography of the land in this area is low lying. Two villages from Daulbari dobra union of Nazirpur Upazila and two from Bisharkandi union of Banaripara Upazilla were selected for data collection. The list of the farmers producing vegetables under Kandi system was prepared from the respective villages. Data were collected through survey method by a prepared interview schedule during the year 2000-2001. The unit of data collection was a single Kandi of each farmer from where detailed information was collected and analysis was done on per hectare basis. In addition, system based analysis was carried out to fulfill the objectives set for this study.

Source of Information: Annual Research Report 2001, Agricultural Economics Division, BARI, Gazipur

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1.

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The per hectare cost of cultivation in kandi bed were Tk 52774 for Banaripara, Tk 28334 for Nazirpur and Tk 40553 for all areas on full cost basis respectively. Accordingly, the cost of cultivation on cash cost basis was also higher in Banaripara than that of Nazipur which was Tk 32497 for Banaripara and Tk 18228 for Nazirpur. Farmers reported that vegetable production is more profitable than any other crop under Kandi system. The farmers of Banaripara incurred higher cost and also get higher gross return from vegetables production. The Benefit cost ratios were 1.93, 1.80 on full cost basis and 3.14, 2.82 on cash cost basis for Banaripara and Nazirpur areas respectively. The farmers of Banaripara earned more profit from kandi vegetable production compared to Nazirpur farmers. Crops damaged by natural hazards/calamities and by rats and name mouse were identified as major main constraints to crop cultivation in the area under kandi system. Besides this low prices of the vegetables, lack of high quality seeds of improved varieties, higher prices of HYV seeds, higher prices of chemical fertilizers, deficiency of human labour etc. were the problem faced by the sample farmers to increase production in kandi bed in the study areas. The study revealed that the kandi system was a labour intensive technology. This technology could create employment opportunity to the rural people and also could increase farm income specially in low laying area where tidal water covered the land. Moreover, huge potentialities of vegetable production in kandi bed prevail in the locations which might supply necessary nutrition to the farm household. The farmers of the study areas have a bright scope to increase their farm income by cultivating HYV vegetables under this system.

Knowledge Management: Report/Proceedings