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Evaluation of Different Drumstick Genotypes (moringa Sp.) Against Salt Stress

M. A. Latif
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Dumki, Patuakhali- 8602, Bangladesh

M. Robbani
Department of Horticulture, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Dumki, Patuakhali- 8602, Bangladesh

K. Akhter
Department of Horticulture, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Dumki, Patuakhali- 8602, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A pot experiment was conducted during March 2012 to February 2013 to evaluate the salt tolerance of drumstick (Moringa sp.) genotypes in a factorial split plot design. Two factors, water salinity was assigned in the main plot with 4 levels (control, 7, 10 and 13 dS/m) and 10 drumstick genotypes of Bangladesh (Ace. no. 1 to Ace. no. 10) in the sub-plot with 3 replications. The data were collected for the vegetative growth, percent alive cuttings and necrosis and chlorosis of leaves on the 12^th month of the study. The results indicated that the Ace. no. 4 from Satkhira and the Ace. no. 5 from Khulna were the best in all respects even at 10 dS/m salinity level. The results also revealed that most of the genotypes performed more or less well up to the 7 dS/m salinity but none at the 13 dS/m. No genotype showed sensitivity to the lowest salinity level. In addition, The highest concentration of total Na⁺ and Cl^- were observed in the shoots and the leaves of the Ace. no. 5 and Ace. no. 9 at 13 dS/m salinity level as well.

Keywords: Drumstick, Bangladeshi genotypes, Pot experiment, Salinity tolerance

Location: Patuakhali Science and Technology University campus

Start Date: 00-03-2012

End Date: 00-02-2013

Program Area: Risk Management in Agriculture

Commodity: Drumstick

Objectives:

To observe and study the growth performance of 10 Bangladeshi drumstick genotypes under different saline stress conditions and explore the possibility of growing drumstick in the coastal region of Bangladesh.

Methodology:

The pot experiment was conducted during March, 2012 to February, 2013 in a split plot design with two factors: salinity with 4 levels (4, 7, 10 and 13 dS/m) in the main plot and 10 Bangladeshi drumstick genotypes in the sub-plot (Ace, no.1 to 10) with 3 replications. The 10 genotypes were collected from 8 districts of Bangladesh.The genotypes were planted in 120 pots at the Patuakhali Science and Technology University campus. In addition, the four salinity treatments were selected on the basis of the salinity ranges of the coastal belt of Bangladesh which were obtained by mixing saline water with tap water of Patuakhali Science and Technology University campus. In the early March of 2012, the stem cuttings were prepared from the collection. The most suitable cuttings were almost uniform age, length and diameter, were of 12 month, l.5 m and 15-20 cm, respectively. The cuttings were planted in the earthen pots having 75 liter volume, (60 cm height 40 cm diameter). In the bottom of each pot, the system for outflow of excess water was devised. In addition, on the floor of each pot a thin layer of plastic netting was set. Over the nettings a layer of fine sand of 5 cm thickness was settled as the filter. The pots were filled in with sandy loam soil taken from the campus. To keep equilibrium conditions in all the pots, their soils were irrigated periodically with saline water as per the four treatments. Four cuttings per genotypes were planted in each pot. According to the prevailing circumstances, irrigation was done at the weekly cycle which was sometimes reduced to 5-6 days at the dry months. Various vegetative parameters (length and number of branches and their diameters), initial scores of ali ve cuttings (after 2 months of setting), final scores of survived cuttings, the necrosis and chlorosis of leaves and their falling rates were recorded. At the end of each month, the vegetative parameters were investigated and scores ranging from 1 to 4. Sodium ion was determined from leaf and shoot samples, solutions by the flame photometric method. Chloride ion was determined by Argentometric titration method. The statistical analyses of the obtained data were done using MSTAT-C as well as SIGMA PLOT software. Then the Comparisons of mean values were done using Duncan's Multiple Range Test.

Source of Information: The Agriculturists 13( 1): 94-100 (2015), ISSN 2304-7321 (Online), ISSN 1729-5211 (Print)

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. Bangladesh Agricultural Research Council

Budget: 884000

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

This experiment paved the way to conclude that the perennial type drumstick (M. stenopetala) performed better against salinity stress up to 10 dS/m level. But the further increase in the salinity level at the 13 dS/m resulted drastical decrease in their growth rates. It could be further opined that most of the drumstick genotypes can be grown normally under condition of up to the 7 dS/m salinity level. Hence better genotype could be produced through clonal selection and hybridization which could be more capable to survive in the saline region.

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