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To Investigate the Effect of Swelling with Different Organic and Inorganic Vapors and Liquids in Relation to the Molecular Structure of Raw and Delignified Jute Fiber.

Nilufar Matin
Scientific Officer
Physics Department, Physics and Testing Division, BJRI, Technology Wing, Manik Mia Avenue, Dhaka-1207.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The swelling of treated and untreated fibers had been studied by completely immersing the samples in different organic liquids viz., ethyl alcohol, methyl alcohol, acetone, formaldehyde, acetic acid and in sodium hydroxide of different concentrations (5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25% and 30%) and in water in the Physics Department of BJRI during 1981. The maximum transverse swellings in case of raw and delignified jute with both organic liquid and water found to be higher than those with water vapor and organic vapors. With the increase of alkali concentration upto 15% change in swelling was not appreciable beyond which the swelling increased sharply. In all percentage of alkali concentration swelling was found to be higher in delignified jute fibers than that of raw fibers.

Keywords: swelling, Delignified, Transverse swellings, Organic liquid

Location: Physics Department, Physics and Testing Department, BJRI, Technology Wing, Manik Mia Avenue, Dhaka-1207.

Start Date: 01-01-1981

End Date: 31-12-1981

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Jute

Objectives:

1. To change the chemical and physical characteristics of jute by chemical means, and

2. To assess how these changes can be used to improve the market potential of jute.

Methodology:

The swelling of treated and untreated fibers had been studied by completely immersing the samples in different organic and inorganic liquids and water. Samples were prepared from fibers by cutting short lengths from the middle portion of the stands and then hand carding and carefully teasing out to remove any adhering foreign materials. One treated and untreated fiber filaments were suspended vertically from the two wings of a hook attached to the top of the tube and was held straight by attaching a small weight sufficient to keep the fiber straight. As before the dry weight was obtained by evacuating the chamber. The samples were then immersed in distilled water contained in a beaker which was kept on a platform supported by jack. The height of the platform was thus made adjustable so as to bring the fiber as much as required to completely immerse in the liquid. All these were kept in a four walled glass chamber. The chamber was maintained at constant temperature. The swelling has been determined by the accurate measurement of fiber diameter. The sample was dired by evacuation to equilibrium dry weight and was then exposed successively to different kinds of liquid, different percentage of alkali solution and swelling was measured with the help of cathetometer. In this way a series of experiment were conducted with water, ethyl alcohol, methyl alcohol, acetone, formaldehyde, acetic acid and in sodium hydroxide of different concentrations.

Source of Information: Annual Technical Report: 1981: 139-144, Abstract: 29

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. Government

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Results obtained with liquid water show that the swelling of treated fiber is higher by more than 7% than that of raw fiber. The distinctive feature is that swellings of both treated and raw fiber with liquid water are found to be higher than those results obtained with water vapor. The maximum transverse welling in case of raw and delignified jute with water are found to be 29.51% and 36.67% respectively while with water vapor it was found 26.13% and 29.41% respectively. Maximum swelling of jute fibers obtained with organic liquids. It was found that the swelling increased with the increase in percentage of alkali solution. The swelling of the raw fibers do not change appreciably on treatment up to a concentration of 15%, beyond this range the swelling of the fibers increases sharply. It was also found that, the treated fiber torn out instantaneously when put into solution of concentration above 25%.

Knowledge Management: Report/Proceedings