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Physical Testing of Jute Yarns Processed by Vegetable Oil Emulsion and Conventional Jute Batching Oil Emulsion for Evaluation of Comparative Characteristic Performances.

Dr. Ferdouse Ara Dilruba
PSO(CC)
Chemistry Division,Bangladesh Jute Research Institute.

Dr. Elias Mollah
Professor
Jahangirnagar University,Savar.

Md. Kamal Uddin
Director General
BJRI

Md. abdus Samad
Ex-PSO
Textile Physics Division,BJRI.

A.K.M. Mahabubuzzaman
PSO(CC)
Mechanical Processing Division,BJRI.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Castor oil having low content of unsaponifiable matters was chosen for the development of new jute batching emulsion process. The suitability of the castor oil was also assessed in terms of its favourable colour, odour, specific gravity,acid value,iodine value,saponification value,viscosity,pour points and flash points in comparison to those of conventional JBO.Different recipes for the production of emulsions were standardized in the industrial scale and their suitability were assessed according to their stability,specific gravity,temperature,viscosity and pour points.The recipes were used to spin jute fibre in the jute mill machines.The yarn products were studied to evaluate their work performances based on their physico-chemical properties;moisture regain,TPI,WI,count,strength,tenacity,extension,textile modulus,toughness,QR,oil content and unsaponifiable matters.The yarn products were particularly evaluated in terms of their unsaponifiable matters based on the IJSG criterion.The of processes show quality ratio 93.93 to 104.20 and unsaponifiable matters ranging from 126.05 to 414.92 mg/kg yarn and easily pass the IJSG criterion.The processes therefore appear to be of commercial importance.

Keywords: Castor oil,Food items,IJSG criterion,JBO,Jute sacks,Vegetable oils.

Location: Bangladesh Jute Research Institute.

Start Date: 01-07-2000

End Date: 30-06-2005

Program Area: Postharvest and Agro-processing

Commodity: Jute

Objectives:

To compare and study the effect of different vegetable oils in batching emulsion with that of conventional emulsion using JBO on jute processing.

Methodology:

Bangladesh white jute fibres of pucca grade C(BWC) were collected from the Amin Jute Exporters, Narayangonj.Castor oil was purchased from the local market.The JBO and the Nonident were procured from the Padma Oil Company,Narayangonj for the study.The specific gravity,acid value,saponification value,iodine value,viscosity,flash point,pour point and unsaponifiable matters of the JBO and those of the castor oil were determined by the standard methods.Based on the optimum laboratory process results,four different emulsion processes were standardized in industrial emulsion tank by using castor oil,nonidet and water in different proportions.BWC(100kg/batch)were batched with the respective emulsion(20kg/batch),piled(48h), and then subjected to mechanical processing machine for carding,drawing and spinning to convert into yarns.The moisture regain(MR%) and bundle strength(mg/lb)of the BWC at the different stages of mechanical processing stages were determined.The loss of fibres as dust at the breaker card and finisher card were determined.The physical properties of the yarns relating to count,breaking load,breaking tenacity,extension,textile modulus,toughness and quality ratio were determined by Instron.Oil content and unsaponifiable matters were determined by standard method.The moisture regain (percent),twist per inch and the whiteness index of the yarns were determined by standard methods.

Source of Information: Annual Technical Report,2004-2005,page(22-25),Bangladesh Jute Research Institute,Dhaka-1207

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. Government

Budget: Tk. 1,00,000

Total Budget (Tk.) : Tk. 1,00,000

Achievement/Findings:

The work was undertaken to develop methods of batching of jute fibres using castor oil in order to replace the conventional JBO emulsion process which leads to produce yarns having harmful unsaponifiable matters.To asses the compatibility of castor oil with respect to JBO,some essential physico-chemical properties of the castor oil were studied prior to development of methods for the preparation of emulsions.The International Jute Study Group,IJSG(erst while IJO) after many international conferences, workshops and dialogues has imposed a criterion that the content of unsaponifiable matters in jute sack must not exceed the limit of 1250mg/kg of the sack weight for transporting food stuffs.The JBO contains kerosenic odour and a high level of unsaponiofiable matters and as such it can not continue further for batching of jute fibres in order to produce jute sacks for foodstuffs.As a matter of fact ,alternative batching mathod with an oil of low content of unsaponifiable matter and good odour is essential.The readily available and annually renewable castor oil contains very little unsaponifiable matters (1.03%) having a good odour.The standardized process involving castor oil 7% ,nonidet 1% and water 90% shows around 144 hours stability at ambient temperature indicating smooth and safe use in jute industry.The process,therefore, appear to be modest and demonstrable in jute industry.

Knowledge Management: Report/Proceedings