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Breeding Plans and Genetic Studies: Stock Improvement of Commercially Important Carps and Catfish.

Dr. M.G. Hussain
Director (Res. & Plan.)
Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute, Mymensingh

Mr. Md. Shahidul Islam
Scientific Officer
Freshwater Station, Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute, Mymensingh

Dr. Md. Aminur Rahman
Scientific Officer
Freshwater Station, Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute, Mymensingh

Dr. A.H.M. Kohinoor
Senior Scientific Officer
Freshwater Station, Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute, Mymensingh

Mr. Md. Nur Khan
Scientific Officer
Freshwater Station, Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute, Mymensingh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The growth performances of selected progenies and non selected control groups of silver barb, B. Gonionotus and ruhu, L. rohita using selective breeding techniques were evaluated in ponds partitioned (360-400 m² pond divided into two chambers ranging 170-200 m²) with bamboo and nylon cloth screening. About 3-4 days after fertilization, the ponds were stocked at the rate of 2.0 fish/m3 with F₄ stock and their corresponding control groups. The data showed that 7.5% genetic gain in growth performance was attained by F₁ crossbred group over non selected control group. The F₂, F₃ and F₄ selected groups attained respectively 2.3, 12.1 and 6.3% cumulative weight gain over three generations of selection. The weight gain values of F₄ generation of selected group compared with non selected control (BxB) group, the figure showing 28.2% superiority over the existing stock (BxB) and the average gain per generation across three generations of selection for growth performance in weight has been estimated about 7.0%. For ruhu, stocks of three purebred and three crossbred lines were screened by investigating differences in extrinsic (through morphometric characterization) genetic trait. In these comparisons, the stocks of Hatchery and Brahmaputra are somewhat distinctive rather then the three lines of crossbred stocks.

Keywords: Breeding plans, Genetic studies, Stock improvement, Carps and catfish.

Location: Mymensingh

Start Date: 01-07-2001

End Date: 30-06-2002

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Cat fish, Carp fish

Objectives:

To improve of silver barb (Barbodes gonionotus), through selective breeding technique up to 35% at fifth generation; stock improvement of rohu (Labeo rohita), through selective breeding technique; production of monosex female population in singh (Heteropneustes fossilis), through genetic manipulations; and dissemination of the genetically improved strains and their culture technology through training and workshop and formulation of a national breeding plan.

Methodology:

BFRI conserved three different founder stocks of B. gonionotus. Two wild stocks of the fish were obtained from Thailand and Indonesia through ICLARM and the third one was the existing strain of Bangladesh. To produce the parental base population, the three unrelated founder stocks were mated through a complete 3X3 diallele crossing experiment to produce nine heterogeneous, outbred genetic groups. In 1997, the first generation (F₁) trials were made. During the spawning season of 1998, 20% heaviest females and males were mass selected from F₁ communal crossbred group and mated to produce F₂ generation. In 1999, mass selection was again performed, selecting 15% of the best matured breeders from F₂ generation to produce F3 generation for trials. The matured breeders of selected F₃ population were also selected at 10% to produce F₄ generation. In each generation, evaluation of growth performance was carried out through comparative trials between selected and non selected control (existing stock of Bangladesh, BxB) groups conducted in partitioned earthen ponds. In view of genetic stock improvement program of L. rohita this, land races of rohu, L. rohita, collected from different river systems of the country viz., Brahmaputra and Jamuna, reared separately in ponds and screened by investigating differences in extrinsic genetic traits by means of morphological assessment. The two wild stocks, Jamuna and Brahmaputra, along with the domesticated existing hatchery stocks were mated to produce three crossbred lines through a 3X3 diallellic design of crossbreeding programme. The crossbred lines so produced using the three different stocks were the HatcheryXJamuna, JamunaXBrahmaputra and BrahmaputraXJamuna. These stocks of three purebred and three crossbred lines were screened by investigating differences in extrinsic (through morphometric characterization) genetic trait.

Source of Information: Annual Research Program 2001-02. BFRI, Mymensingh.

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. Government

Budget: Five lakh fifty thousand

Total Budget (Tk.) : Five lakh fifty thousand

Achievement/Findings:

Present findings suggest that the method for improvement of silver barb and ruhu through several generations of genetic selection might be a useful technique for other carp species in Bangladesh and elsewhere in Asia. The genetic stock improvement of rohu will help to establishment brood-banks in the country.

Knowledge Management: Report/Proceedings