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Trends in International Migration and Remittance Flows: Case of Bangladesh

Mr. Kazi Shek Farid
Assistant Professor
Department of Rural Sociology Bangladesh Agricultural University Mymensingh-2202

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

International migration from Bangladesh has become a defining characteristic of the country. Especially since 1980s, large scale labour migration has become a common phenomenon of Bangladesh. This paper examines the various issues of international migration and remittance flows of Bangladesh on the basis of the secondary data generated from various reports of government and non-government organizations and of various publications of home and abroad. With a few exceptions, manpower export has been showing increasing trend year by year. Most of the expatriates, who are largely unskilled, are working in the Middle East countries and in the UK and the USA. Like overseas employment, remittances flow has been increasing every year with its increased share in GDP and export earnings. Major share of total remittances come from the Middle East countries. But individually the position of the USA is just behind Saudi Arabia over the last few years. Finally it can be concluded that proper attention should be given on overseas migration in order to keep the unemployment rate within tolerable level and to increase the amount of remittances which is an important source of foreign exchange.

Keywords: International migration, Remittance, Expatriate, Employment, GDP

Location: Mymensingh

Start Date: 00-00-2006

End Date: 00-00-2007

Program Area: Socio-economic and Policy

Non-commodity: Insurance

Objectives:

i. to investigate the shifting flows of migrations from Bangladesh, and

ii. to find out the remittance flows from overseas migrants to Bangladesh.

Methodology:

The study carried out at Department of Rural Sociology, BAU Mymensing during the period 2006-2007 based on secondary data which were collected by surveying published and unpublished reports of various government and non-government organizations such as Bangladesh Economic Review (BER), websites of Department of Expatriate’s Welfare and Overseas Employment, Bangladesh Bank, Bureau of Manpower Employment and Training (BMET) and Refugee and Migratory Movements Research Unit (RMMRU). An extensive review of literature was done in order to gain familiarity with the study. Tabular and graphical analysis were done with the collected data in order to achieve the objectives of the study.

Source of Information: J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 7(2): 387–394, 2009, ISSN 1810-3030

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

This paper has attempted to capture different aspects of voluntary migration from Bangladesh on the basis of available secondary information. As Bangladesh is a hugely labour surplus country and as it is not possible for the successive Bangladeshi Government to create employment opportunities for all of its manpower, international migration would the best possible option for these Bangladeshi migrants. Although the Government of Bangladesh is committed to promoting short-term international migration, it does not have any planned programme for accessing the rapidly changing international labour market. So, to reap the benefits of overseas migration, the Government of Bangladesh should give special attention on this issue. Because it is international migration, which would play vital and indispensable role in the national economy of Bangladesh by creating employment opportunities in abroad and increasing the flow of remittances – important but inexpensive source of much needed foreign exchange. However, it can be turned into a major development enhancing process which can reduce poverty and be an important livelihood strategy of the poor Bangladeshi.

Knowledge Management: Journal