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Yield and Water Productivity to Deficit Irrigation Imposed at Different Growth Stages of Hybrid Maize

Dr. Md. Abdul Mojid
Professor
Department of Irrigation and Water Management, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh–2202, Bangladesh,

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

This study was conducted in the experimental farm of Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU) to demonstrate the experimental evidence of the effects of deficit irrigation on yield and water use efficiency (WUE)/water productivity of maize during December 2010 – May 2011 (year I) and January – May 2012 (year II). There were two factors: irrigation and variety. Irrigation had five treatments − I₀: no irrigation (control), I₁: irrigation at IW (irrigation water applied)/CPE (cumulative pan evaporation) = 0.4, I₂: irrigation at IW/CPE = 0.6, I₃: irrigation at IW/CPE = 0.8 and I₄: irrigation at IW/CPE = 1.0. There were three maize varieties − V₁_: BARI hybrid maize 5 (BHM−5), V₂: BARI hybrid maize 7 (BHM−7) and V₃: Pacific 984. The experiment was laid out in a split-plot design with three replications. The irrigation treatments were employed in the main plots and the varieties were distributed in the sub-plots. Maize was grown under three irrigations applied at 43, 63 and 83 days after sowing (DAS) and with recommended fertilizer doses. In general, there was no significant (α = 0.05) effects of irrigation and maize variety on the grain yield of maize. In year I, treatment I₁produced the highest grain yield (9.18 t ha⁻¹) and I0 produced the lowest yield (7.62 t ha⁻¹). BHM−5 produced the highest grain yield (8.70 t ha⁻¹) and BHM−7 produced the lowest yield (7.31 t ha⁻¹). The interaction effect between irrigation and varieties exerted significant impact on grain yield. The interaction between I4 and V3 (I4V3) gave the best combination for the highest grain yield (9.31 t ha⁻¹) and that between I0 and V2 (I0V2) gave the lowest yield (6.34 t ha⁻¹). In year II, on the other hand, treatment I2 produced the highest grain yield (10.95 t ha⁻¹) and I1 produced the lowest yield (8.71 t ha⁻¹). Treatments I0 and I₂ – I4 produced statistically similar grain yields. I1, compared to I₂, produced significantly lower yield. BHM−5 (V1) produced the highest grain yield (10.94 t ha−1) and BHM−7 (V3) produced the lowest yield (9.10 t ha⁻¹). The grain yield of BHM−7 was statistically similar to that of Pacific 984 but significantly lower than the yield of BHM−5. The treatment combination I₀V₁ produced the highest grain yield (13.53 t ha⁻¹) and I₁V₂ produced the lowest yield (6.81 t ha⁻¹). I₀V₃, I₀V₂, I₁V₂ and I₃V₃ produced similar grain yields; all other treatment combinations also produced similar but significantly higher yields. The water use efficiency (WUE) in year I differed significantly among the irrigation treatments but insignificantly among the varietal treatments. In case of interaction effects, WUE differed significantly. The maximum stressed treatment (I_o) provided the highest WUE and the maximum irrigated treatment (I₄) provided the lowest WUE. In year II, the maximum stressed treatment (I_o) provided the highest WUE for grain production. The WUEs were similar both under I1 and I2, and under I₃ and I₄, but these WUEs were significantly lower than the WUE under control (I₀). The variety V₂ and V₃provided similar WUEs, but both were significantly lower than V₁. In case of interaction effects, only I₀V₁, I₀V₂ and I₀V₃ treatment combinations produced significantly higher WUEs than the other treatment combinations, which provided similar WUEs.

Keywords: Productivity, Maize, Irrigation, Effects, Factor, Fertilizer

Location: Mymensingh

Start Date: 00-12-2010

End Date: 00-05-2012

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Water management

Objectives:

To demonstrate the experimental evidence of the effects of deficit irrigation on yield and water use efficiency (WUE)/water productivity of maize.

Methodology:

Source of Information: BAU Research proceedings, Vol.23, 2013, PP. 68

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. Bangladesh Agricultural Research Council	Budget:
2.	Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The irrigation treatments were employed in the main plots and the varieties were distributed in the sub-plots. Maize was grown under three irrigations applied at 43, 63 and 83 days after sowing (DAS) and with recommended fertilizer doses. In general, there was no significant (α = 0.05) effects of irrigation and maize variety on the grain yield of maize. In year I, treatment I₁ produced the highest grain yield (9.18 t ha⁻¹) and I0 produced the lowest yield (7.62 t ha⁻¹). BHM−5 produced the highest grain yield (8.70 t ha⁻¹) and BHM−7 produced the lowest yield (7.31 t ha⁻¹). The interaction effect between irrigation and varieties exerted significant impact on grain yield. The interaction between I₄ and V₃ (I₄V₃) gave the best combination for the highest grain yield (9.31 t ha⁻¹) and that between I₀ and V₂ (I₀V₂) gave the lowest yield (6.34 t ha⁻¹). In year II, on the other hand, treatment I₂ produced the highest grain yield (10.95 t ha⁻¹) and I₁ produced the lowest yield (8.71 t ha⁻¹). Treatments I0 and I₂ – I₄ produced statistically similar grain yields. I₁_, compared to I₂, produced significantly lower yield. BHM−5 (V₁) produced the highest grain yield (10.94 t ha⁻¹) and BHM−7 (V3) produced the lowest yield (9.10 t ha⁻¹). The grain yield of BHM−7 was statistically similar to that of Pacific 984 but significantly lower than the yield of BHM−5. The treatment combination I₀V₁ produced the highest grain yield (13.53 t ha⁻¹) and I₁V₂ produced the lowest yield (6.81 t ha⁻¹). I₀V₃, I₀V₂, I₁V₂ and I₃V₃ produced similar grain yields; all other treatment combinations also produced similar but significantly higher yields. The water use efficiency (WUE) in year I differed significantly among the irrigation treatments but insignificantly among the varietal treatments. In case of interaction effects, WUE differed significantly. The maximum stressed treatment (Io) provided the highest WUE and the maximum irrigated treatment (I₄) provided the lowest WUE. In year II, the maximum stressed treatment (Io) provided the highest WUE for grain production. The WUEs were similar both under I₁ and I₂, and under I₃ and I₄, but these WUEs were significantly lower than the WUE under control (I₀). The variety V₂ and V₃ provided similar WUEs, but both were significantly lower than V₁_. In case of interaction effects, only I₀V₁, I₀V₂ and I₀V₃ treatment combinations produced significantly higher WUEs than the other treatment combinations, which provided similar WUEs.

Knowledge Management: Report/Proceedings