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Effect of Sowing Date, Variety and Threshing Method on Quality of Soybean Seed

M.M. Rahman
Department of Agronomy, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

M.M. Hossain
Department of Agronomy, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

M.A. Hossain
Department of Agronomy, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

An experiment was conducted at the Agronomy Field Laboratory of Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during November 2004 to May 2005 to study the effect of sowing date and threshing method on seed quality of two soybean varieties at storage. Two soybean varieties viz. Bangladesh Soybean-4 (G-2) and BARI soybean 5 (BS-5) were grown at six sowing dates viz. 4 November, 24 November, 14 December, 3 January, 23 January and 12 February. The crop was harvested at full maturity, dried and then threshed in two different methods viz. hand shelling and beating with stick. Then the seed was stored in airtight polythene bags after drying to around 9-10% moisture content and kept in the laboratory under ambient condition. The experiment was laid out in a split plot design with three replications where the sowing date was assigned as main plot treatment and the combination of variety and threshing method as sub-plot. Germination and vigour of seed were measured at one month interval from June to November 2005. Seed germination and vigour were affected significantly by sowing date, variety, threshing method and their interactions. The 4 November crop produced the seed with highest germination and vigour. Variety G-2 showed higher germination and vigour than variety BS-5. The hand shelled seed were superior in quality than those threshed by beating.

Keywords: Soybean, Seed quality, Sowing date, Threshing method

Location: Management

Start Date: 00-11-2004

End Date: 00-05-2005

Program Area: Seed Technology

Commodity: Soybean

Objectives:

To study the effect of sowing date and threshing method on soybean seed quality.

Methodology:

The field experiment was conducted at the Agronomy Field Laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during November 2004 to May 2005. Six sowing dates viz. 4 November, 24 November, 14 December, 3 January, 23 January and 12 February; two varieties viz. Bangladesh Soybean-4 (G-2) and BARI Soybean 5 (BS-5) and two threshing methods viz. hand shelling and beating with sticks were taken as experimental treatments. A split-plot design was adopted with three replications where sowing date was used as main plot treatment while the combination of variety and threshing method was used as sub-plot treatment. The crop was grown with due care and management. The unit plot size was 40 m x 2.5 m. At full maturity (i.e. when 95% pods become brown) the crop was hand harvested from the central 3.6 m² area (3.0 m x1.23 m) of each plot. Harvesting was done on 15 February, 24 March, 4 April, 13 April, 25 April, 8 May 2005 for 4 November, 24 November, 14 December, 3 January, 23 January and 12 February crops, respectively. After each harvest the crop was taken to the threshing floor and dried for three to four consecutive days in the sun. Then the crop was separated into two portions and made ready for threshing as experimental specification. After threshing, cleaning and drying of seed to about 9-10% moisture content, it was kept in sealed polythene bags in the Seed Laboratory of the Department of Agronomy. About 50-60 g seeds were kept in each bag and used for testing seed moisture content, germination and vigour index for each time. Seed moisture content was determined using high constant temperature oven dry method by drying seed in the electric oven at 130 ^oC for 2 hours (ISTA, 1999). Germination test was done following modified paper folding method. Randomly selected 100 seeds in three replicates per bag were used for germination test. Two sheets of Basundhara Kitchen towel were placed upon one sheet of newsprint paper (30.48 cm × 25.40 cm) and the papers were moistened with distilled water. Seeds were placed on the wet kitchen towel and another piece was placed over it. The paper towel was then moistened with required amount of distilled water and folded into a roll. These rolls were placed in a plastic bag to prevent moisture loss. The bags were kept upright in 25 cm × 30 cm plastic bucket. Additional moisture was given into the polythene bags if needed to keep the paper moist. After eight days of setting the test seedling evaluation was done to estimate germination percentage following ISTA rules. Seedling vigour index was estimated following the Top of the Paper method using two layers of moistened paper towel on petridishes. Seedlings germinated (≥ 2 cm radicle) were counted each day up to 8 days after setting the test and vigour index was calculated following formula given by Maguire (1962). All the recorded data were analysed using the analysis of variance technique and mean differences were adjudged by DMRT with the help of a computer based statistical package programme MSTAT-C.

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Seed Sci. & Tech. 12(2): 243–248 (2008), ISSN 1029-8800

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Seed germination and vigour were affected significantly by sowing date, variety, threshing method and their interactions. Crop sown on November 4 produced the seed with highest germination and vigour. Variety G-2 showed higher germination and vigour than variety BS-5. The hand shelled seed were superior in quality than those threshed by beating.

Knowledge Management: Journal