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Impact of Vector Management on Plrv and Pvy in Seed Potato Production

M. S. Hasan
Department of Plant Pathology Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology UniversityDinajpur-5200, Bangladesh

M. M. Rashid
Department of Plant Pathology Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology UniversityDinajpur-5200, Bangladesh

S. Sarmin
Department of Plant Pathology, Bangabandhu Sheik Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University (BSMRAU), Gazipur

M. Aktar
Department of Plant Pathology, Bangabandhu Sheik Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University (BSMRAU), Gazipur

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Effect of different management practices either single or in combination for controlling the aphid population against potato leaf roll virus (PLRV) and potato virus Y (PVY) in seed potato production was investigated in the field during 2006-2007. The experiment was conducted taking eight management practices viz. acephate, kitchen ash, neem extract, carbofuran, acephate + carbofuran, kitchen ash + carbofuran, neem extract + carbofuran and control with three potato varieties viz. Granola, Cardinal and Diamant. Spraying of acephate (375 g a.i./ha) at 15 day intervals for four times from four weeks after planting either single or with the application of carbofuran (1.68 kg a.i./ha) at earthing up (30 days after planting) effectively controlled viral spread in the field and kept the aphid population below the critical level. These treatments significantly reduced aphid population, incidence of PLRV and PVY and produced maximum seed tuber yield in the variety Granola. PLRV and PVY were detected from the infected samples by DAS-ELISA.

Keywords: Aphid, PLRV, PVY, DAS-ELISA, Seed potato.

Location: Dinajpur

Start Date: 00-11-2006

End Date: 00-03-2007

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Potato

Objectives:

To evaluate the efficacy of two non-chemical means, viz. kitchen ash and neem extract and two chemical insecticides viz. acephate and carbofuran single or in combination for controlling aphid against the spread of PLRV and PVY with respect to three potato varieties.

Methodology:

The field study was carried out during the period of November 2006-March 2007 for the effective management of aphids against PLRV and PVY. The experiment consisted of two factors namely management practices (viz., acephate, kitchen ash, neem extract, carbofuran, acephate + carbofuran, kitchen ash + carbofuran, neem extract + carbofuran) with three potato varieties (viz., Granola, Cardinal and Diamant). The factorial experiment was laid out in the randomized complete block design with three replications. Third generation potato tubers were planted during 2^nd December at 60cmX30cm inter and intra spacing having a plot size 2.4mX2.1m. First spray of acephate (Asataf 75SP) @ 375 g a.i. /ha was applied after four weeks of planting followed by three more sprays at 15 days interval. The control plots were sprayed with same volume of water. Neem (Azadiracta indica) extract was prepared by taking 250 g fresh leaf in 1 litre of water in an electric blender and after crushing, soap powder was added for proper emulsification. Carbofuran (Furadan 5G) @ 1.68 kg a.i./ha was applied once at earthing up at 30 days after planting, while kitchen ash and neem extract were applied with each spray of acephate. In this experiment aphid was recorded using the technique of Konar and Chettri (2003). The aphid number was counted on one upper, one middle and one lower leaf of ten plants tagged in each plot before application of treatments. Thereafter, counts were taken at 7 and 15 days after each application (DAA). The plants were inspected everyday morning to note the appearance and development of the symptoms of PLRV and PVY starting from plant emergence to 10 days before harvesting. The virus was identified on the basis of field symptoms as described by Akanda (1991), Brunt et al., (1990) and Hooker (1981). Data on yield were recorded at the time of harvesting and grading of the tubers was done on the basis of their size (>28mm, 28-55mm, <55mm) following the description of International Potato Centre (CIP). Potato tubers were separated from the infected plants during harvesting. The infected tubers were kept on the floor for three months in diffused light for sprouting. Then, DAS-ELISA was performed of the sprouts against the antibody of PLRV and PVY following the method as outlined by Clark and Adams (1977) with some modifications. In the test Patho Screen Kit formulated by Agdia Incorporated, 30380 County Road 6, Elkhart, Indiana 46514 USA was used in this investigation. The optical density for positive reaction was measured with ELISA Reader EAR 400 FW (SIT-LABINSTRUMENTS) at 405 nm wavelength. Data were analyzed with MSTAT-C computer package program and the mean differences were compared with DMRT at 5% level of significance (Gomez and Gomez, 1984).

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Seed Sci. Technol. 13(1&2): 51–56 (2009), ISSN 1029-8800

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The results of the present study indicated that potato variety Granola performed better against the prevalence of PLRV and PVY infection compared to the others under field condition. The prevalence of infection was found to be varied depending on the potato varieties (82.0-54.0%) and viruses (50.0-89.0%). The variation in prevalence of PLRV and PVY may be due to variety, generation and management as reported earlier by Hossain et al. (1994) and Sing et al. (1993).

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