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Evaluation of Hyperimmune Serum for the Treatment of Newcastle Disease in Commercial Layer Chickens

Dr. Md. Taohidul Islam
Associate Professor
Department of Medicine, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

An experiment was conducted to determine the efficacy of hyperimmune serum for the treatment of Newcastle disease (ND) in indigenous birds in the Department of Medicine in collaboration with the Department of Microbiology and Hygiene during the period from July 2011 to June 2012. A total of 20 indigenous birds (3 to 4 months old) were divided into three groups, namely A (n = 9), B (n = 8) and C (n = 3). Each bird of all the groups was infected with 0.2 ml (106.5 EID50/0.1 ml) of virulent field isolate of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) through oral route of inoculation. Birds of group A were treated with hyperimmune serum (raised in chickens against NDV) @ 2 ml/bird IM after 6 hours of infection before commencement of clinical signs. However, one bird received repeat dose of 1 ml hyperimmune serum IM as it showed clinical signs 20 hours post-infection. Birds of group B were treated with hyperimmune serum @ 2 ml/bird IV after commencement of clinical signs. As no improvement was observed, these birds received repeat dose of 3 ml hyperimmune serum IM 5 hours after first dosing. Birds of group C served as infected control. It was observed that birds of group A (88.9%) did not show any clinical signs of ND except one. However, the only sick bird recovered after repeat dosing. In group B, the results of treatment of sick birds with hyperimmune serum showed that 62.5% (5/8) birds were completely recovered. However, in terms of survival rate, 87.5% (7/8) birds survived with two birds having nervous signs. Therefore, it may be concluded that hyperimmune sera was 88.9% and 100% effective in preventing morbidity and mortality due to ND in birds when administered before commencement of the clinical signs after infection with NDV. And after commencement of clinical signs, administration of hyperimmune sera gave 87.5% protection.

Keywords: Hyperimmune serum , Chicken, Newcastle diseases

Location: Mymensingh

Start Date: 00-07-2011

End Date: 00-06-2012

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Commodity: Chicken

Objectives:

To evaluate hyperimmune serum for the treatment of Newcastle disease in commercial layer chickens

Methodology:

An experiment was conducted to determine the efficacy of hyperimmune serum for the treatment of Newcastle disease (ND) in indigenous birds in the Department of Medicine in collaboration with the Department of Microbiology and Hygiene during the period from July 2011 to June 2012. A total of 20 indigenous birds (3 to 4 months old) were divided into three groups, namely A (n = 9), B (n = 8) and C (n = 3). Each bird of all the groups was infected with 0.2 ml (106.5EID50/0.1 ml) of virulent field isolate of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) through oral route of inoculation. Birds of group A were treated with hyperimmune serum (raised in chickens against NDV) @ 2 ml/bird IM after 6 hours of infection before commencement of clinical signs. However, one bird received repeat dose of 1 ml hyperimmune serum IM as it showed clinical signs 20 hours post-infection. Birds of group B were treated with hyperimmune serum @ 2 ml/bird IV after commencement of clinical signs. As no improvement was observed, these birds received repeat dose of 3 ml hyperimmune serum IM 5 hours after first dosing. Birds of group C served as infected control.

Source of Information: BAU Research proceedings, Vol.23, 2013, PP.10-11

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The study was found that birds of group A (88.9%) did not show any clinical signs of ND except one. However, the only sick bird recovered after repeat dosing. In group B, the results of treatment of sick birds with hyperimmune serum showed that 62.5% (5/8) birds were completely recovered. However, in terms of survival rate, 87.5% (7/8) birds survived with two birds having nervous signs. Therefore, it may be concluded that hyperimmune sera was 88.9% and 100% effective in preventing morbidity and mortality due to ND in birds when administered before commencement of the clinical signs after infection with NDV. And after commencement of clinical signs, administration of hyperimmune sera gave 87.5% protection. However, it is needed to conduct a field trial to explore the efficacy of hyperimmune sera raised in rabbits.

Knowledge Management: Report/Proceedings