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Preparation of Land and Soil Resource Utilization Guide, Dakshin Surma Upazila

Md. Shafiquzzaman
Senior Scientific Officer (C.C)
Soil Resource Development Institute, District Office, Sylhet, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Dakshin Surma Upazila lies between 24^o43' & 24^o54' north latitude and 91^o47' & 91o98' east longitude and covers an area of 19,644 ha. It lies in the physiographic unit (s) of Northern and Eastern Hills (AEZ 29), Northern and Eastern Piedmont Plain (AEZ 22) and Surma-Kusiyara Floodplain (AEZ 20). The Upazila comprises of 9 union, 97 mauza and 1 City Corporation (part) having a population of 2,69,331 (2001). Five land types namely high, medium high, medium low and lowland were identified. Five textural classes identified. Two soil groups- Khadomnagar and Ramgar were identified in Hills, three soil groups-Bijipur, Pritimpasa and Manu were identified in Piedmont and four soil groups- Balaganj, Goainghat, Fagu and Terchibari were identified in Surma-Kusiyara Floodplain. Twelve major cropping patterns were identified in three physiographic units. Total 161 topsoil composite samples were collected and analyzed in the laboratory. It was found that the soils of Hills are deficient in N, P, K, B, Ca & Mg; Piedmont soils are deficient in N, P, B & Ca. While Surma-Kusiyara Floodplain soils are deficient in N, P, K, B and Ca. It was observed that both Rabi & Kharif vegetables and rice can be profitably cultivated in the Upazila.

Keywords: Dakshin Surma, Land and soil, Soil fertility, Crop suitability

Location: Dakshin Surma Upazila, Sylhet

Start Date: 15-11-2007

End Date: 15-04-2008

Program Area: Resource Development and Management

Commodity: Land management

Objectives:

1. Land and soil resources inventory of Dakshin Surma Upazila.

2. Soil fertility assessment and fertilizer recommendation.

3. Crop suitability assessment.

4. Preparation of land and soil resource utilization guide with soil and landform map.

Methodology:

Field survey was conducted on the basis of semi-detailed soil survey method. Interpretative soil and landform map was prepared using 1:50,000 aerial photographs. Soils were investigated following a catena and composite topsoil samples were collected. The sampling frequency was 1 sample per every 200 ha. During survey crops, cropping patterns, soil and fertilizer management data were collected by interviewing the farmers'. Soil samples were analyzed in the laboratory for fertility assessment. Crop suitability for each land type and soil determined. Fertilizer recommendation for suitable crops was made. After compiling physical and chemical data sets the final land and soil resource utilization guide for Dakshin Surma Upazila was prepared.

Source of Information: Land and Soil Resource Utilization Guide, Dakshin Surma Upazila, Sylhet. 2008.

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. Government

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Dakshin Surma Upazila is situated in the middle part of Sylhet district. It lies under AEZ29 (Northern and Eastern Hills), AEZ22 (Northern and Eastern Piedmont Plain and AEZ20 (Surma-Kusiyara Floodplain). In Hills major land type is highland; in Piedmont plain major land types are medium highland and medium lowland. In Surma-Kusiyara Floodplain major land types are medium highland (23.4%) and medium lowland (31.3%). Major textural class was clay loam (66.9%) followed by loam (8.4%). Khadimnagar and Ramgar soils were identified in the Hills, Bijipur, Pritimpasa and Manu were identified in the Piedmont. Balaganj, Goainghat, Fagu and Terchibari were identified in Surma-Kusiyara Floodplain. Pritimpasa and Manu were major in Piedmont while Goainghat (42.9%) and Fagu (17.4%) were major in Floodplain. According to local agro-ecology suitable crops identified were T.Aman (modern, local), Boro (modern, local), Deep water aman, T.Aus (modern, local), B.Aus (modern, local), Sugarcane, Rabi cotton, Rabi maize, Chickpea, mustard, Rabi soybean, Rabi groundnut, Potato, Rabi vegetables, Rabi chilli, Tomato, cabbage, cauliflower and Mango, Jackfruit, Cocoanut and Betelnut. Moderately suitable crops are Kharif maize, Millet, Mungbean, Blackgram, Watermelon, Raddish, Kharif chilli, Onion, Turmeric, Pineapple and Banana. Twelve major cropping patterns namely- Bushes and Bamboo; Rabi vegetable-Fallow-T.Aman; Rabi vegetables-B.Aus-B.Aman; Rabi & Kharif vegetables; Fallow-T.Aman-T.Aus; Fallow-B.Aus-T.Aman; Boro-Fallow-T.Aman; Boro-Fallow-B.Aman; Sweetgourd-Fallow; Fallow-Fallow-T.Aman; Fallow-Fallow-B.Aman; Boro-Fallow-Fallow. About 605 ha remains fallow throughout the year. Dakshin Surma upazila was first surveyed in 1986 and updated survey was carried out in 2007.

Knowledge Management: Report/Proceedings