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Effect of Fungicide Spray at Different Time and Frequencies on Alternaria Blight of Mustard

Md. Bahadur Meah
Department of Plant Pathology, Bangladesh Agricultural University Mymensingh, Bangladesh

M. A. R. Howlider
Division of Plant Pathology, Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture, Mymensingh, Bangladesh

M. K. Alam
Department of Plant Pathology, Bangladesh Agricultural University Mymensingh, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Effects of three foliar fungicides- Dithane M-45, Trimiltox Forte and Cupravit applied at three growth stages of crop and different frequencies were evaluated in controlling Alternaria blight (Alternaria brassicae) of mustard (Brassica campestris variety SS-75) in two consecutive cropping (winter) seasons under natural conditions. Spray of fungicides were commenced at 30, 45 and 60 days after sprouting with 7 day intervals. Total number of sprays were 7, 5 and 3 for corresponding three spray commencements. Dithane M-45 was proved to be the best among the three fungicides. Maximum reduction in disease intensity and maximum increase in yield were obtained with 7 sprays starting at 30 days age of the crop. However, with the remaining two treatments, disease control and yield were satisfactory.

Keywords: Fungicide Spray, Time and Frequencies, Alternaria Blight, Disease, Mustard

Location: Bangladesh Agricultural University Farm, Mymensingh

Start Date: 00-00-1984

End Date: 00-00-1986

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Mustard

Objectives:

i) To determine the effects of three fungicides on Alternaria blight and yield of mustard,

ii) To determine the stage of the crop when to commence the fungicide spray and

iii) To determine the number of sprays required for successful control of the disease.

Methodology:

The mustard variety Sonali Sarisha (SS-75), susceptible to Alternaria blight was used in this study. Three fungicides were used in two consecutive cropping seasons (winter) of 1984-85 and 1985-86. The fungicides Dithane M-45 (co-ordinate compound of zinc ion and manganese ethylene bisdithiocarbamate), Trimiltox Forte (combination of mancozeb and copper. oxychloride) and Cupravit (50 070 copper oxychloride) were used at one rate. The experiments were conducted at Bangladesh Agricultural University Farm, Mymensingh in split plot design with time of spray in the main plot and fungicides in the sub-plot (unit plot). The unit plot size was 2 m x 2 m with spacing of 25 cm x 10 cm between rows and plants respectively. Fertilizer and irrigation were applied as recommended. To protect the crop from aphids Anthio was sprayed thrice before and after flowering. Sprays were started at 30, 45 and 60 days after sprouting (DAS) and continued up to maturity of the siliqua maintaining an interval of 7 days. The total number of sprays were 7, 5 and 3 respectively for the three different commencements of sprays. One litre solution of the fungicide was sprayed in 12 m² area. The control (untreated) plots were sprayed with plain water. Observations were noted on nine parameters. The parameters were per cent leaf defoliation, per cent leaf area diseased (leaf spot severity), average number of spots per siliqua (siliqua spotting), 1000 seed weight, weight of 100 siliqua, weight of seeds from 100 siliqua, yield per plant, yield per plot and straw weight per plant. Ten plants or middle five rows in each unit plot were randomly selected for all observations, while the yield per plant and straw weight per plant were taken from 25 plants. Observations on the first three parameters were made in the standing crop 10 days after the last spray. Leaf defoliation was calculated as the difference between two leaf counts taken one after the completion of flowering and the other 10 days after the last spray. For estimation of leaf spot severity, 5 diseased leaves, excluding older and younger ones, were randomly selected from each of 10 selected plants. Hundred siliqua were collected from 25 randomly selected plants of each plot taking 4 siliqua at 12-16 cm from top of the main raceme of each plant for determining the average number of spots per siliqua. Data were analyzed statistically and treatment effects were compared to each other by employing Duncan's New Multiple Range Test.

Source of Information: Thai J. Agric. Sci. 21 (April 1988): 101-107

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Fair control of the disease with no economic loss of the crop could be achieved with Dithane M-45 spraying for 3 or 5 times starting at 60 or 45 DAS. However, one may start spraying at 30 DAS to obtain maximum reduction in disease intensity and maximum yield.

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