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Nitrogen Management and Wheat Genotype Identification for No-tillage Conditions

Dr. Md. Ataur Rahman
Principal Scientific Officer
Regional Wheat Research Centre Bangladesh Agricultural Research InstituteGazipur 1701

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Field experiments were conducted at the research farm of Wheat Research Centre, Dinajpur, Bangladesh, for the two consecutive years of 1999-2000 and 2000-2001, to investigate nitrogen use efficiency of wheat under no-tillage and to identify the wheat genotype preferable under no-till conditions of post-rice harvest paddy soil. The experiment was executed in split-plot design assigning three wheat genotypes namely Kanchan, Protiva, and Gourab in the main plots and seven different N management treatments in the sub-plots. Both the genotype and N management treatments have significant impact on the root length density (RLD), N uptake, N use efficiency and grain yield of surface seeded wheat. Three equal split application of N fertilizer as basal during seeding, top dress at crown root initiation stage (20 days after sowing) and at first node stage (35 days after sowing) was found best that produced significantly higher grain yield by increasing spikes m-2 and number of grains spike^-1. Among the wheat genotypes Kanchan resulted significantly higher grain yield that was attributed from higher umber of spikes m^-2 and number of grains spike^-1. Agronomic NUE, Grain N, total N uptake, and RLD of Kanchan were higher compared to other genotypes.

Keywords: No-till wheat, N management, Varietal preference for zero-tillage

Location: Wheat Research Centre, Dinajpur

Start Date: 01-11-1999

End Date: 30-06-2001

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Wheat

Objectives:

Information on nitrogen rate and management for wheat grown under no-tillage is scarce. The rate and management of N fertilizer under no-till wheat may be different from the conventional tillage condition. Thus, the objective of this study was to suggest appropriate N rate and management practice for wheat under no-tillage. The another objective was to identify the wheat variety suitable for no-tillage condition.

Methodology:

The experiments was conducted at Wheat Research Centre, BARI, Dinajpur, for the two consecutive years of 1999-2000 and 2000-2001. Two factors of 3 wheat genotypes and 7 N application methods were tested in split- plot design with three replications. Three wheat genotypes were Kanchan, Protiva, and Gourab. The unit size of main plots and sub plots was 11m × 5m and 5m × 3m, respectively. Fertilizers of P₂0₅, K₂0, and S were applied at the rate of 60, 40, and 20 kg ha^-1 respectively to all the plots as basal fertilizer on the day of sowing seed. A total of 120 kg ha^-1 of N from urea was applied in each plot, but the application methods and timing were different. Seeds were sown on the post-rice harvest un-ploughed moist soil surface, in lines of 20 cm space. Seeding rate was 120 kg ha^-1, and the seeding date was 5th December and 25th November for the year 1999-2000 and 2000-2001, respectively. Root growth analysis was done at the anthesis stage of wheat plant. Root length density, root weight density and root diameter was estimated following standard methods. At maturity (120 DAS) the crop was harvested plot wise for measuring grain yield and biomass at air dried (approx. 12%) moisture condition. Grain and straw samples from each treatment were also oven-dried at 70? C for 72 hours; hence the samples were ground by plant grinder. Total N content, N uptake and NUE estimated following standard methods.

Source of Information: J. Fac. Agr. Kyushu Univ., 46: 295-301.

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. Government

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The experiment demonstrate the differences of relative agronomic performance of wheat genotypes under no-tillage condition. The variety Kanchan was better than other varieties. Among the 7 different N management treatments, application of N in 3 equal splits at basal, CRI and first node stage gave the best result. Thus the varietal advantages and advantage of N management needed to explore for wheat expansion under no-till condition.

Knowledge Management: Journal